{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:18:58Z","timestamp":1790691538083,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,4]],"date-time":"2017-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI12\/00314 (CA)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI12\/00314 (CA)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI11\/00716 & PI14\/00944 (JS)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI11\/00716 & PI14\/00944 (JS)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CP10\/00502 & PI13\/00935 (MV)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP10\/00502 & PI13\/00935 (MV)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders in developed countries. Its etiology remains unknown; however, a common finding, regardless of IBS subtype, is the presence of altered intestinal barrier. In fact, signaling and location of cell\u2010to\u2010cell adhesion proteins, in connection with increased immune activity, seem abnormal in the intestinal epithelium of IBS patients. Despite that most research is performed on distal segments of the intestine, altered permeability has been reported in both, the small and the large bowel of all IBS subtypes. The small intestine carries out digestion and nutrient absorption and is also the site where the majority of immune responses to luminal antigens takes place. In fact, the upper intestine is more exposed to environmental antigens than the colon and is also a site of symptom generation. Recent studies have revealed small intestinal structural alterations of the epithelial barrier and mucosal immune activation in association with intestinal dysfunction, suggesting the commitment of the intestine as a whole in the pathogenesis of IBS. This review summarizes the most recent findings on mucosal barrier alterations and its relationship to symptoms arising from the small intestine in IBS, including epithelial structural abnormalities, mucosal immune activation, and microbial dysbiosis, further supporting the hypothesis of an organic origin of IBS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,18]],"date-time":"2016-04-18T11:38:57Z","timestamp":1460979537000},"page":"53-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Mucosal pathobiology and molecular signature of epithelial barrier dysfunction in the small intestine in irritable bowel syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ana M","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro\u2010Immuno\u2010Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro\u2010Immuno\u2010Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics University of Heidelberg  Heidelberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elo\u00edsa","family":"Salvo\u2010Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro\u2010Immuno\u2010Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Fortea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro\u2010Immuno\u2010Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Pardo\u2010Camacho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro\u2010Immuno\u2010Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"P\u00e9rez\u2010Berezo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm, U1043  Toulouse France"},{"name":"Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Alonso\u2010Cotoner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro\u2010Immuno\u2010Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro\u2010Immuno\u2010Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Vicario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro\u2010Immuno\u2010Gastroenterology, Digestive Diseases Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2009.06120.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00155.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00672.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2653"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.100594"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.472"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.12.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3738"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00127.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000039"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/151085"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST20150090"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2014.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.114.202515"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1997.273.4.C1378"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.27060"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-013-0929-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-309151"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12315"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14084"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00193.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13329"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(81)90263-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00168.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12802"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2012.01921.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2000.00055.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-302093"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2012.6.3.305"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_36_1","first-page":"1345","article-title":"Changes of tight junction claudin\u20101,\u20103,\u20104 protein expression in the intestinal mucosa in patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Kong W","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.02915"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.257"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.12.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-304570"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.230318.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.181834"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7042839"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-01-257287"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.03937.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12080"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.37059"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.061721"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.11.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00015.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303857"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215695"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)62264-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-306236"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01272.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.273995"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2014.427"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.02.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1004409"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-006-9104-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_62_1","first-page":"8859","article-title":"Microbiota\u2013host interactions in irritable bowel syndrome: epithelial barrier, immune regulation and brain\u2010gut interactions","volume":"20","author":"Hyland N","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2015.1116107"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08508"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06654.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i10.2482"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl14397"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12132"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12618"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.213108"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_73_1","article-title":"Glutamine Restores Tight Junction Protein Claudin\u20101 Expression in Colonic Mucosa of Patients With Diarrhea\u2010Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome","author":"Bertrand B","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Parenter. Enter. Nutr."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2010.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2008.03818.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318264e918"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756283X15616576"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00537.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2011.01.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.45.6041"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2005.04143.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.021154"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01303164"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2006.00771.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjgh.13417","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjgh.13417","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jgh.13417","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T08:50:36Z","timestamp":1696236636000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jgh.13417"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jgh.13417"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgh.13417","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0815-9319","1440-1746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0815-9319","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1746","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-12-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-04-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-01-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}