{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T15:37:40Z","timestamp":1778686660150,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,29]],"date-time":"2016-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation","award":["TCRD 103-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCRD 103-14"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Esophageal infusion of capsaicin\u2010containing red pepper sauce induced heartburn symptoms in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We aimed to test the hypothesis whether sleep disturbance modulates esophageal sensitivity to capsaicin infusion in patients with GERD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled 40 patients with their sleep quality measured by the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index with &gt;\u20095 indicating sleep disturbance. Esophageal sensation to capsaicin infusion was documented via measures of lag time to initial heartburn perception, heartburn intensity rating, and sensitivity score by esophageal infusion of capsaicin\u2010containing red pepper sauce. Objective sleep measures were assessed by ambulatory actigraphy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found 22 patients with sleep disturbance. The patients with sleep disturbance had shorter lag time to initial heartburn perception (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) and greater sensory intensity rating (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02). The sensitivity score for capsaicin infusion was greater in patients with sleep disturbance when compared with those without sleep disturbance (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). Actigraphy measures revealed that patients with sleep disturbance also had poor sleep efficiency (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04), longer average awakening time (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03), and greater total activity account (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). The lag time for perceiving capsaicin infusion was positively correlated with total sleep time (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.43,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have shown that GERD patients with sleep disturbance have significantly enhanced heartburn perception to capsaicin infusion as compared with those with normal sleep. Our findings suggest that sleep disturbance is associated with esophageal hypersensitivity to capsaicin infusion in patients with GERD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]],"date-time":"2016-05-01T14:07:05Z","timestamp":1462111625000},"page":"1940-1945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sleep disturbance and enhanced esophageal capsaicin sensitivity in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Chih\u2010Hsun","family":"Yi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Yi","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jui\u2010Sheng","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tso\u2010Tsai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William C","family":"Orr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lynn Institute for Healthcare Research University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chien\u2010Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9270(03)00009-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01702.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.51.6.885"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-006-0075-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.00285.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.09.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(03)00207-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31802fc1bc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07531.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018831018566"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(99)01393-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01403-0","article-title":"Vanilloid (Capsaicin) receptors and mechanisms","volume":"51","author":"Szallasi A","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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