{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:39:24Z","timestamp":1790123964446,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,28]],"date-time":"2017-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Impaired gut\u2010liver axis is a potential factor contributing to alcoholic liver disease. Ethanol depletes intestinal integrity and causes gut dysbiosis. Butyrate, a fermentation byproduct of gut microbiota, is altered negatively following chronic ethanol exposure. This study aimed to determine whether prophylactic tributyrin could protect the intestinal barrier and liver in mice during combined chronic\u2010binge ethanol exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>C57BL\/6J mice exposed to 5% v\/v ethanol\u2010containing diet for 10\u00a0days received a single ethanol gavage (5\u00a0g\/kg) 9\u00a0h before euthanasia. Control mice were isocalorically pair\u2010fed maltose dextrin for ethanol. Diets were supplemented (5\u00a0mM) with tributyrin or glycerol. Intestine and liver disease activity was assessed histologically. Protein and mRNA expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins, toll\u2010like receptors, and tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha were assessed. Caco\u20102 monolayers with or without ethanol exposure and\/or sodium butyrate were used to test butyrate's direct effects on intestinal integrity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic\u2010binge ethanol feeding impaired intestinal TJ protein co\u2010localization staining; however, tributyrin co\u2010treatment mitigated these effects. Ethanol depleted TJ and transepithelial electrical resistance in Caco\u20102 monolayers, but butyrate co\u2010treatment reduced these effects. Hepatic toll\u2010like receptor mRNA expression and tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha protein expression was induced by ethanol; however, the response was significantly dampened in mice co\u2010treated with tributyrin. Tributyrin altered localization of both neutrophils and single hepatocyte death: Leukocytes and apoptotic hepatocytes localized predominantly around the portal tract in ethanol\u2010only treated mice, whereas localization predominated around the central vein in ethanol\u2010tributyrin mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prophylactic tributyrin supplementation mitigated effects of combined chronic\u2010binge ethanol exposure on disruption of intestinal TJ localization and intestinal permeability and liver injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,14]],"date-time":"2017-01-14T12:53:03Z","timestamp":1484398383000},"page":"1587-1597","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Prophylactic tributyrin treatment mitigates chronic\u2010binge ethanol\u2010induced intestinal barrier and liver 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