{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T02:50:29Z","timestamp":1768272629606,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnosis of celiac disease autoimmune pathology relies on the subjective histological assignment of biopsies into Marsh score categories. It is hypothesized that Marsh score categories have unique gene expression signatures. The aims were as follows: first, to develop a celiac disease quantitative reverse transcription\u2013polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) array; second, define gene expression signatures associated with Marsh score categories; and third, develop equations that classify biopsies into Marsh score categories and to monitor the efficacy of patient treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gene targets for inclusion in the celiac RT\u2010PCR (qRT\u2010PCR) array were identified using systematic analysis of published celiac transcriptomic data. The array was used to assess the gene expression associated with histological changes in duodenal biopsies obtained from adult patients. Finally, Marsh score classification equations were defined using discriminant analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The array contained 87 genes. The expression of 26 genes were significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.06) associated with the discrete Marsh score categories. As the Marsh score pathology of biopsies increased, there was a progression of innate immune gene expression through adaptive Th1\u2010specific gene expression with a concurrent decrease in intestinal structural gene expression in high Marsh score samples. These 26 genes were used to define classification equations that accounted for 99% of the observed experimental variation and which could classify biopsies into Marsh score categories and monitor patient treatment progression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This proof\u2010of\u2010concept study successfully developed a celiac RT\u2010PCR array and has provided evidence that discriminant equations defined using gene expression data can objectively and accurately classify duodenal biopsies into Marsh score categories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]],"date-time":"2018-07-02T23:26:22Z","timestamp":1530573982000},"page":"169-177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Celiac disease gene expression data can be used to classify biopsies along the Marsh score severity scale"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4557-1419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard P G","family":"Charlesworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, School of Science and Technology University of New England  Armidale New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda L","family":"Agnew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, School of Science and Technology University of New England  Armidale New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David R","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunter New England Area Health Service  Tamworth New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas M","family":"Andronicos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, School of Science and Technology University of New England  Armidale New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-142-4-200502150-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000450393.23156.59"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2005.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"An update in the diagnosis of celiac disease","volume":"58","author":"Walker M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199910000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2004.023978"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91819-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-198707000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-198905000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.11.1515"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07301.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2010.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advms.2016.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.018374"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2003.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng2058"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-9-377"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddt520"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp427"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1239303"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti551"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn777"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp1005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2002-3-7-research0034","article-title":"Accurate normalization of real\u2010time quantitative RT\u2010PCR data by geometeric averaging of multiple internal control genes","author":"Vandesompele J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.6.2150"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","first-page":"1005","article-title":"Distinct expression profiles of stromelysin\u20102 (MMP\u201010), collagenase\u20103 (MMP\u201013), macrophage metalloelastase (MMP\u201012) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases\u20103 (TIMP\u20103) in intestinal ulcerations","volume":"152","author":"Vaalamo M","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/10.5.445"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200305000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20079"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-199","article-title":"Pro\u2010inflammatory interleukin\u201018 increases Alzheimer's disease\u2010associated amyloid\u2010\u03b2 production in human neuron\u2010like cells","volume":"16","author":"Sutinen EM","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2005.031260"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.24.3.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380107"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.3.278"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2006.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.69.5.661"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.59.3.421"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.08.009"}],"container-title":["Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjgh.14369","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jgh.14369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T23:13:19Z","timestamp":1694733199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jgh.14369"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jgh.14369"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgh.14369","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0815-9319","1440-1746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0815-9319","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1746","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-03-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-06-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-31","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}