{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:44:14Z","timestamp":1790793854495,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]],"date-time":"2019-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been increasing in Japan. Trace elements, such as iron, zinc, magnesium, and copper, can cause digestive symptoms where there is a deficiency or excess. We focused on the dietary intake of trace elements and their associations with UC development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A multicenter, hospital\u2010based case\u2013control study was conducted in Japan. Cases were 127 newly diagnosed UC patients, and 171 age\u2010matched and sex\u2010matched hospital controls were recruited. We considered that UC patients had potentially changed their dietary habits due to disease symptoms. The dietary habits were investigated using a self\u2010administered diet history questionnaire to analyze the dietary intakes and frequencies at two points, the previous 1\u00a0month and 1\u00a0year before.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the assessment of dietary habits 1\u00a0year before, the highest intake of iron showed an increased odds ratio (OR) for UC on multivariate analysis (OR\u00a0=\u00a04.05, 95% confidence interval, 1.46\u201311.2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). The highest intake of zinc 1\u00a0year before showed a decreased OR for UC (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.39, 95% confidence interval, 0.18\u20130.85, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01). Intakes of magnesium and copper had no significant association with UC. Because most UC cases had experienced the first symptom of UC within the previous 11\u00a0months, these intakes at 1\u00a0year before represented an association with pre\u2010illness dietary habits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A high intake of iron has some effect on the development of UC. In contrast, a high intake of zinc has a protective effect on the development of UC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14642","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T15:33:20Z","timestamp":1551454400000},"page":"1703-1710","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Association between dietary iron and zinc intake and development of ulcerative colitis: A case\u2013control study in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5747-6697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yumie","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoko","family":"Ohfuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka City University Hospital Administration Division  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wakaba","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Kamata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Yamagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuo","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Sakura Medical Center Toho University  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Hirota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"},{"name":"College of Healthcare Management  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Japanese Case\u2013Control Study Group for Ulcerative Colitis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01211367"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Japan Intractable Diseases Information Center. 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