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The aim of this study was to systematically review all the available evidence since it was first described in 1988.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The literature on post\u2010colonoscopy appendicitis was searched using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. Additional manual search was performed and cross\u2010checked for additional references. The search was performed up to November 2019. Data collected included demographics, reason for colonoscopy, time to diagnosis, imaging performed, management, and outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010three cases were found in the systematic review with a median age of 55\u00a0years (24\u201384\u00a0years). The time to diagnosis post\u2010colonoscopy was mostly within 24\u201348\u00a0h. Clinical features mimicked those of common acute appendicitis. In the past decade, computed tomography scan has been the imaging choice to investigate abdominal pain after colonoscopy, mainly to rule out perforation. The mainstay of management was appendectomy (open or laparoscopy). Four of the 12 cases (33.3%) were treated successfully with antibiotics alone. There has been a twofold increase in cases reported in the past decade (2009\u20132019,<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a031<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>1999\u20132008,<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a015).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is a considerable variation in the definition of post\u2010colonoscopy appendicitis in the current literature. Regardless of whether post\u2010colonoscopy appendicitis is a true entity, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis in any patient presenting with acute abdomen following colonoscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T22:00:19Z","timestamp":1591394419000},"page":"2032-2040","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Post\u2010colonoscopy appendicitis: Systematic review of current evidence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6272-4640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zi Qin","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery St John of God Midland Hospital Midland Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdallah","family":"Elsabagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery St John of God Midland Hospital Midland Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruwan","family":"Wijesuriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery St John of God Midland Hospital Midland Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Notre Dame Fremantle Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(01)00589-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70348-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v25.i2.190"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(88)71451-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2007.22.4.308"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.12686"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WongG StranzC.Acute appendicitis following colonoscopy. 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