{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T11:00:23Z","timestamp":1792839623525,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,23]],"date-time":"2020-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence and clinical significance of extrahepatic autoimmune diseases (EHAIDs) have not been evaluated in a large cohort of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medical records of 1554 patients with PBC from 20 international centers were retrospectively reviewed. Development of decompensated cirrhosis (ascites, variceal bleeding, and\/or hepatic encephalopathy) and hepatocellular carcinoma were considered clinical endpoints.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 35 different EHAIDs were diagnosed in 440 (28.3%) patients with PBC. Patients with EHAIDs were more often female (92.5% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 86.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and seropositive for anti\u2010mitochondrial antibodies (88% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 84%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.05) and antinuclear antibodies and\/or smooth muscle antibodies (53.8% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 43.6%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005). At presentation, patients with EHAIDs had significantly lower levels of alkaline phosphatase (1.76 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 1.98\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0upper limit of normal [ULN], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006), aspartate aminotransferase (1.29 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 1.50\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0ULN, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), and total bilirubin (0.53 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 0.58\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0ULN, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002). Patients with EHAIDs and without EHAIDs had similar rates of GLOBE high\u2010risk status (12.3% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 16.1%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.07) and Paris II response (71.4% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 69.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.59). Overall, event\u2010free survival was not different in patients with and without EHAIDs (90.8% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 90.7%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.53, log rank). Coexistence of each autoimmune thyroid diseases (10.6%), Sj\u00f6gren disease (8.3%), systemic sclerosis (2.9%), rheumatoid arthritis (2.7%), systemic lupus erythematosus (1.7%), celiac disease (1.7%), psoriasis (1.5%), and inflammatory bowel diseases (1.3%) did not influence the outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study confirms that EHAIDs are frequently diagnosed in patients with PBC. The presence of EHAIDs may influence the clinical phenotype of PBC at presentation but has no impact on PBC outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T20:07:31Z","timestamp":1597349251000},"page":"936-942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Extrahepatic autoimmune diseases in primary biliary cholangitis: Prevalence and significance for clinical presentation and disease outcome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6593-5702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cumali","family":"Efe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Gazi Ya\u015fargil Education and Research Hospital  Diyarbakir 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