{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T15:40:20Z","timestamp":1792424420256,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endoscopic resection is highly effective treatment option for rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) as they usually present as small localized tumors. However, there are no well\u2010established surveillance strategies following endoscopic resection. We established our own protocol for the surveillance of rectal NETs after endoscopic resection since 2013. This study aimed to assess the outcome and to optimize the surveillance strategies after endoscopic resection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with endoscopically treated rectal NETs between January 2013 and April 2018 at Samsung Medical Center. We analyzed 337 patients with a median follow\u2010up duration of 35.0\u00a0months (min\u2013max: 12.0\u201388.3).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 329 (97.6%) patients had tumors \u2264\u00a01\u00a0cm in size, and eight (2.4%) patients had tumors &gt;\u00a01\u00a0cm in diameter. Synchronous rectal NETs were diagnosed in nine (2.7%) patients. Thirteen (3.9%) patients were identified as having positive resection margins. Regardless of the salvage treatment, none of these patients developed recurrence. Metachronous rectal NETs were diagnosed in nine (2.7%) patients. Metachronous lesions were associated with the number of synchronous lesions at initial diagnosis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001, hazard ratio\u00a0=\u00a01.75, 95% confidence interval\u00a0=\u00a01.38\u20132.23). Extracolonic metastasis was not detected in this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although initial screening for detecting metastatic lesions using computed tomography is recommended, repeated imaging for detecting extracolonic recurrence was not necessary for small non\u2010metastatic rectal NETs. However, regular endoscopic follow\u2010up seems reasonable, especially in case of synchronous rectal NETs, for detecting metachronous rectal NETs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,31]],"date-time":"2020-08-31T07:33:02Z","timestamp":1598859182000},"page":"968-973","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Recurrence pattern and surveillance strategy for rectal neuroendocrine tumors after endoscopic resection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Hye Gyo","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung Ji","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0495-2565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun Ran","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Noh","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8101-9034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae Jun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Kyung","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young\u2010Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine  Seoul South 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