{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T16:11:33Z","timestamp":1783181493219,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,19]],"date-time":"2020-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004713","name":"Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["304\/PPSP\/61313083"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["304\/PPSP\/61313083"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004595","name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Variations in the Chicago 3.0 normative metrics may exist with different postures and with different provocative swallow materials in a healthy Asian population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eligible healthy Malay volunteers were invited to undergo the high\u2010resolution esophageal manometry (inSIGHT Ultima, Diversatek Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA). In recumbent and standing positions, test swallows were performed using liquid, viscous, and solid materials. Metrics including integrated relaxation pressure 4\u00a0s (IRP\u20104\u00a0s, mmHg), distal contractile integral (DCI, mmHg\u00a0s\u00a0cm), distal latency (DL, s), and peristaltic break (PB, cm) were reported in median and 95th percentile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty of 57 screened participants were recruited, and 586 saline, 265 viscous, and 261 solid swallows were analyzed. Per\u2010patient wise, in the recumbent position, 95th percentile for IRP\u20104\u00a0s, DCI, DL, and PB were 16.5\u00a0mmHg, 2431\u00a0mmHg\u00a0s\u00a0cm, 8.5\u00a0s, and 7.2\u00a0cm, respectively. We observed that with each posture, the use of viscous swallows led to changes in DL, but the use of solid swallows led to more changes in the metrics including DCI and length of PB. Compared with a recumbent posture, anupright posture led to lower IRP\u20104\u00a0s and DCI values. Both per\u2010patient analysis and per\u2010swallow analyses yielded almost similar results when comparing the different postures and types of swallows. No major motility disorders were observed in this cohort of asymptomatic population. However, more motility disorders were reported in the upright position.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Variations in metrics can be observed in different postures and with different provocative swallow materials in a healthy population. The normative Chicago 3.0 metrics are also determined for the Malay population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T19:31:22Z","timestamp":1601580682000},"page":"1244-1252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The effects of different postures and provocative swallow materials on the normative Chicago 3.0 metrics in a healthy Asian population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8478-0849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Ridzuan","family":"Mohd Said","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine International Islamic University of Malaysia  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqin","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology 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