{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T12:54:11Z","timestamp":1787662451578,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,24]],"date-time":"2022-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81770057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81770057"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gallbladder and biliary diseases (GBDs) are one of the most prevalent medical issues in the digestive system. This study was designed to describe the characteristics of prevalence, death, and disability\u2010adjusted life years (DALYs) of GBDs during 1990\u20132019 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prevalence, death, and DALYs for GBDs in different locations, years, sex, and age groups were estimated using DisMod\u2010MR 2.1 and a generic Cause of Death Ensemble Modeling approach. Countries and territories were categorized according to socio\u2010demographic index (SDI) quintiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence cases (127\u00a0345\u00a0732 to 193\u00a0493\u00a0378), death cases (82\u00a0430 to 124\u00a0941), and DALYs (4\u00a0604\u00a0821 to 6\u00a0352\u00a0738) of GBDs increased from 1990 to 2019. However, the age\u2010standardized rates of indicators decreased over the 30\u2010year period (prevalence, 2851.84 to 2350.78 per 100\u00a0000 population; death, 2.40 to 1.65 per 100\u00a0000 population; DALYs, 106.76 to 78.25 per 100\u00a0000 population). In 2019, the high and middle\u2013high SDI regions had higher age\u2010standardized prevalence rates, the low SDI region had the highest age\u2010standardized death rate, and the middle SDI region had the highest DALYs and age\u2010standardized DALYs rate of GBDs. Being female, older age, and high body mass index were important risk factors for the burden of GBDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Globally, there were improvements in overall health with regard to GBDs over the 30\u00a0years. However, the prevention of GBDs should be promoted in middle, middle\u2013high, and high SDI regions, while more medical resources should be provided to improve treatment levels in low SDI region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,17]],"date-time":"2022-04-17T19:49:35Z","timestamp":1650224975000},"page":"1389-1399","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Global burden of gallbladder and biliary diseases: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jiamei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an 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