{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:10:24Z","timestamp":1790813424505,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002619","name":"Ajou University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S\u20102021\u2010G0001\u201000068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S\u20102021\u2010G0001\u201000068"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with decompensated cirrhosis are well known to experience morbidity and mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed clinical characteristics, health\u2010care utilization, and economic burden according to the type, number, and combination of decompensation\u2010related complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used recent nationally representative sample data from 2016 to 2018, covering approximately 13% of hospitalized patients in South Korea annually. Decompensation\u2010related complications included ascites, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), gastroesophageal variceal (GEV) bleeding, and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 14\u00a0601 patients with decompensated cirrhosis, 11\u00a0201 (76.7%) experienced \u2265\u00a01 decompensation\u2010related complications, and approximately three\u2010quarters underwent hospitalization. The most prevalent decompensation\u2010related complications were ascites (54.8%), GEV bleeding (33.2%), HE (27.4%), and HRS (3.6%). Patients with GEV bleeding exhibited the highest hospitalization rate (95.7%), and patients with HE or HRS underwent hospitalization for 4\u00a0weeks\/year due to decompensated cirrhosis. Hospitalization costs were 1.9 times higher in patients with HRS than in those with ascites alone ($9022 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> $4673; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). Once patients developed decompensation\u2010related complications, 41.3% had \u2265\u00a02 types of decompensation\u2010related complications. As the number of decompensation\u2010related complications increased from 0 to \u2265\u00a03, health\u2010care utilization and economic burden significantly increased in a stepwise manner; patients with ascites, GEV bleeding, and HE visited medical institutions 2.2 times more (11 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 5\/year; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) and incurred 6.4 times greater medical expenditure ($11\u00a0060 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> $1728\/year; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) than those with ascites only.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A substantial proportion of patients had multiple decompensation\u2010related complications and socioeconomic burdens for decompensated cirrhosis considering admission rate, hospital stay, and costs increased markedly, depending on the number of decompensation\u2010related complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.15962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T16:59:03Z","timestamp":1658422743000},"page":"2154-2163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Real\u2010world clinical features, health\u2010care utilization, and economic burden in decompensated cirrhosis patients: A national database"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7780-159X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hankil","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Ajou University  Suwon Gyeonggi\u2010do Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5363-2496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beom Kyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Gastroenterology Yonsei University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60383-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16831"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2020.0292"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2020.0234"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2019.0023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.21193"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.05.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.01.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2020.0329"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2020.0022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2021.0179"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","article-title":"Time\u2010course changes in liver functional reserve after successful sofosbuvir\/velpatasvir treatment in patients with decompensated cirrhosis","author":"Atsukawa M","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatol. 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