{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:35:19Z","timestamp":1790627719822,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has been repeatedly reported as a trigger of <jats:italic>Clostridioides difficile<\/jats:italic> infection (CDI), a leading cause of nosocomial diarrhea. However, only a few studies have reported on the association between vonoprazan, a novel potassium\u2010competitive acid blocker providing potent acid suppression, and CDI, with no studies having been conducted in a clinical setting. We therefore evaluated the association between various classes of acid suppressants and CDI with special attention paid to differences in the magnitudes of association between PPIs and vonoprazan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective hospital\u2010based cohort from a secondary\u2010care hospital in Japan (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a025\u00a0821) was collected, wherein eligible CDI cases were defined as hospital\u2010onset cases (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a091). A multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis for the entire cohort and propensity analyses for subgroups consisting of PPI and\/or vonoprazan users at various doses (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010\u00a0306) were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall CDI incidence rate was 1.42\/10\u00a0000 patient\u2010days, which was comparable with previous reports. A multivariable analysis showed that both PPIs and vonoprazan were positively associated with CDI (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]: 3.15 [1.67\u20135.96] and 2.63 [1.01\u20136.88], respectively). In addition, matched subgroup analyses showed that PPIs and vonoprazan had equivalent magnitudes of association with CDI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that both PPIs and vonoprazan were associated with CDI, and the magnitude of the association was comparable. Because vonoprazan is widely available in Asian countries, further studies on the association of its usage with CDI are warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:31:36Z","timestamp":1678235496000},"page":"940-947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Vonoprazan poses no additional risk of developing <i>Clostridioides difficile<\/i> infection compared to proton pump inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Yohei","family":"Saruta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Akita University Graduate School of Medicine  Akita Japan"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Akita City Hospital  Akita 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