{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T19:28:18Z","timestamp":1774294098139,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]],"date-time":"2023-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Some patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders exhibit pancreatic dysfunctions and pancreatic enzyme abnormalities. Thus, we aimed to clarify whether significant differences in clinical characteristics, prevalence of pancreatic enzyme abnormalities, duodenal inflammation, and protease\u2010activated receptor 2 (PAR2) expression levels related to hypersensitivity exist between functional dyspepsia (FD) alone and FD\u2010irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) overlap group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety\u2010three patients based on the Rome IV criteria, FD alone (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a044) and FD overlapped with IBS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a049) group were enrolled. The patients scored their own clinical symptoms after consuming high\u2010fat meals. Serum trypsin, PLA2, lipase, p\u2010amylase, and elastase\u20101 levels were measured. PAR2, eotaxin\u20103, and TRPV4 mRNA levels in duodenum were determined using real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction methods. PRG2\u2010 and PAR2 in the duodenum were evaluated using immunostaining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>FD score and global GSRS in patients with FD\u2010IBS overlap were significantly higher than FD alone. Although the prevalence of pancreatic enzyme abnormalities in patients with FD alone was significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) higher than that in FD\u2010IBS overlap, the ratio of aggravation of clinical symptoms following high\u2010fat intake in patients with FD\u2010IBS overlap was significantly higher (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.007) than that in patients with FD alone. PAR2\u2010 and PRG2\u2010double positive cells were localized in the degranulated eosinophils in the duodenum of patients with FD\u2010IBS overlap. The number of PAR2\u2010 and PRG2\u2010double positive cells in FD\u2010IBS overlap was significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) higher than FD alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pancreatic enzyme abnormalities and PAR2 expression on degranulated eosinophils infiltrations in the duodenum may be associated with the pathophysiology of patients with FD\u2010IBS overlap in Asian populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T02:03:59Z","timestamp":1686189839000},"page":"1778-1786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparison of pancreatic enzyme abnormalities and protease\u2010activated receptor\u20102\u2010positive eosinophils in the duodenum of patients with functional dyspepsia\u2010irritable bowel syndrome overlap with functional dyspepsia alone in Asian populations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0502-8646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seiji","family":"Futagami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Nippon Medical School  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takaomi","family":"Kessoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Yokohama City Univeristy  Yokohama Japan"},{"name":"Department of Palliative Medicine Yokohama City University Hospital  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Kasai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Yokohama City Univeristy  Yokohama 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