{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T00:54:04Z","timestamp":1793580844666,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]],"date-time":"2023-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81902907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81902907"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M\u20100334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M\u20100334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, covers a large spectrum of liver injuries ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathogenesis of ALD includes genetic and epigenetic alterations, oxidative stress, acetaldehyde\u2010mediated toxicity and cytokine and chemokine\u2010induced inflammation, metabolic reprogramming, immune damage, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. This review discusses the progress in the pathogenesis and molecular mechanism of ALD, which could provide evidence for further research on the potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]],"date-time":"2023-07-09T21:03:43Z","timestamp":1688936623000},"page":"1233-1240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Alcohol and the mechanisms of liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Mo","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanglei","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5861-9389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiqi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center Fudan University  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1615295"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-060821-014008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathmechdis-031521-030435"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.7683"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00688-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-food-032519-051827"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230513"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2012.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.41.6.845"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3417"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TACG.S187922"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31910"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2015.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01751.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.06.083"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2019.101381"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2022.2046457"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-019-0256-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.12.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00376.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103338"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-00416-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27778"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2014.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23020774"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23179679"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.911951"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31041"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.09.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01414"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","article-title":"Ethanol inhibits lipid Raft\u2010mediated TCR signaling and IL\u20102 expression: potential mechanism of alcohol\u2010induced immune suppression","volume":"35","author":"Ghare S","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2018-316221"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.839390"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau3903"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2019.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2017.3015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-020-0438-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0698-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.04.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-012-0619-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.09.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i36.4104"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.168"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2019.1580097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310585"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-1536-3-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1415174111"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2011.02650.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2008.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21737"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03636.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907893"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2012.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-016-4060-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450115666140606111402"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_75_1","first-page":"483","article-title":"Emerging role of fecal microbiota therapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal and extra\u2010gastrointestinal diseases","volume":"66","author":"Konturek PC","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Pharmacol. Off. J. Pol. Physiol. Soc."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30415-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.03.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11102019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2018.1501471"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/5774641"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201801014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2020.111956"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03980-6"}],"container-title":["Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jgh.16282","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T14:52:29Z","timestamp":1758293549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jgh.16282"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jgh.16282"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgh.16282","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0815-9319","1440-1746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0815-9319","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1746","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}