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Whether mortality rates differ between patients with CHB treated with ETV and those treated with TDF is unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A total of 2542 patients with CHB treated with either ETV or TDF were recruited from a multinational cohort. A 1:1 propensity score matching was performed to balance the differences in baseline characteristics between the two patient groups. We aimed to compare the all\u2010cause, liver\u2010related, and non\u2010liver\u2010related mortality between patients receiving ETV and those receiving TDF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The annual incidence of all\u2010cause mortality in the entire cohort was 1.0\/100 person\u2010years (follow\u2010up, 15\u00a0757.5 person\u2010years). Patients who received TDF were younger and had a higher body mass index, platelet count, hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid levels, and proportion of hepatitis B e\u2010antigen seropositivity than those who received ETV. The factors associated with all\u2010cause mortality were fibrosis\u20104 index\u00a0>\u00a06.5 (hazard ratio [HR]\/confidence interval [CI]: 3.13\/2.15\u20134.54, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001), age per year increase (HR\/CI: 1.05\/1.04\u20131.07, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001), alanine aminotransferase level per U\/L increase (HR\/CI: 0.997\/0.996\u20130.999, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003), and \u03b3\u2010glutamyl transferase level per U\/L increase (HR\/CI: 1.002\/1.001\u20131.003, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.001). No significant difference in all\u2010cause mortality was observed between the ETV and TDF groups (log\u2013rank test, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.69). After propensity score matching, no significant differences in all\u2010cause, liver\u2010related, or non\u2010liver\u2010related mortality were observed between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Long\u2010term outcomes of all\u2010cause mortality and liver\u2010related and non\u2010liver\u2010related mortality did not differ between patients treated with ETV and those receiving TDF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T02:50:29Z","timestamp":1710384629000},"page":"1190-1197","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mortality in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with tenofovir or entecavir: A multinational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2961-130X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tyng\u2010Yuan","family":"Jang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Center of Hepatitis Research, College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Program of Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Po\u2010Cheng","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Center of Hepatitis Research, College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2875-6139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dae Won","family":"Jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jang Han","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1652-6168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidenori","family":"Toyoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ogaki 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