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It is more prevalent in individuals in their 4\u20135th decade of life and disproportionately affects men compared with women. Excessive alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, pancreatic ductal stones, pancreatic divisum, annular pancreas, ectopic pancreas, duodenal wall thickening, and peptic ulcers are significant risk factors implicated in the development of GP. The usual presenting symptoms include severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and jaundice. Establishing a diagnosis of GP is often challenging due to significant clinical and radiological overlap with numerous benign and malignant conditions affecting the same anatomical location. This can lead to a delay in initiation of treatment leading to increasing morbidity, mortality, and complication rates. Promising research in artificial intelligence (AI) has garnered immense interest in recent years. Due to its widespread application in diagnostic imaging with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity, AI has the potential of becoming a vital tool in differentiating GP from pancreatic malignancies, thereby preventing a missed or delayed diagnosis. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of GP, covering the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, radiological and endoscopic evaluation, management strategies, and future directions. This article also aims to increase awareness about this lesser known and often\u2010misdiagnosed clinical entity amongst clinicians to ultimately improve patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T05:00:13Z","timestamp":1721019613000},"page":"2260-2271","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Groove pancreatitis: From enigma to future directions\u2014A comprehensive review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8544-9039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dushyant S.","family":"Dahiya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Motility The University of Kansas School of Medicine  Kansas City Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yash R.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland\/Wayne State University  Pontiac Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6646-6693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Canakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charmy","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Carle BroMenn Medical Center  Normal Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurabh","family":"Chandan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of Medicine  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassam","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition East Carolina University\/Brody School of Medicine  Greenville North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3931-6163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manesh K.","family":"Gangwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Arkansas For Medical Sciences  Little Rock Arkansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhanu S. 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