{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T16:23:03Z","timestamp":1790180583649,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 DK132312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 DK132312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. A new entity termed MetALD has also been described and is defined as individuals with MASLD and increased alcohol intake. However, the natural history of MetALD compared with MASLD is unknown. We aimed to compare longitudinal outcomes in patients with MASLD\n                      <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      MetALD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study was performed using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2018. MASLD patients (defined by the United States Fatty Liver Index &gt;\u00a030) who met cardiometabolic criteria including body mass index (BMI) &gt;\u00a025 (BMI\u00a0&gt;\u00a023 in Asians), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertriglyceridemia were included. MetALD was defined as MASLD with increased alcohol intake (3\u20136 standard drinks per day in males; 2\u20135 standard drinks per day in females). A comparison of overall, cardiovascular, cancer\u2010related, and other causes of mortality in patients with MASLD\n                      <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      MetALD was performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 2838 individuals with MASLD and 2557 individuals with MetALD were included with a median follow\u2010up time of 56\u00a0months. MetALD patients were at increased risk of cancer\u2010related mortality compared with patients with MASLD (hazard ratio 1.32; 95% confidence interval 1.14\u20131.53;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). However, there was no significant difference in overall, cardiovascular, and other causes of mortality.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with MetALD were at higher risk for cancer\u2010related mortality than MASLD. Close attention to regular cancer surveillance and accurate classification of alcohol consumption in individuals with diagnosed MASLD is warranted to help improve patient care and outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T01:34:31Z","timestamp":1724376871000},"page":"2456-2463","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Mortality outcomes in individuals with MASLD\n                    <i>versus<\/i>\n                    MASLD and increased alcohol intake"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5533-8987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Majd B.","family":"Aboona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona College of Medicine\u2014Phoenix  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9121-165X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pojsakorn","family":"Danpanichkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center  Lubbock Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent L","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Health System  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pooja","family":"Rangan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Data Analytics and Decision Support University of Arizona College of Medicine\u2014Phoenix  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donghee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naim","family":"Alkhouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona Liver Institute  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Fallon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Banner University Medical Center  Phoenix Arizona USA"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine\u2014Phoenix  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mazen","family":"Noureddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Houston Research Institute and Houston Methodist Hospital  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Arab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departmento de Gastroenterologia, Escuela de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6232-6343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karn","family":"Wijarnpreecha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine Banner University Medical Center  Phoenix Arizona USA"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine\u2014Phoenix  Phoenix Arizona USA"},{"name":"BIO5 Institution University of Arizona College of Medicine\u2014Phoenix  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17714"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","article-title":"A multi\u2010society Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature","author":"Rinella ME","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13010278"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2023.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease in premenopausal women: global trends and projections to 2040","author":"Danpanichkul P","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002819"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease: update and impact of new nomenclature on the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases practice guidance on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","author":"Kanwal F","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.03.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154439"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32642"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.10.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002642"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-023-10503-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2024.101020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.18095","article-title":"Socio\u2010economic association of alcohol use disorder and cardiovascular and alcohol\u2010associated liver disease from 2010 to 2019","author":"Danpanichkul P","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathmechdis-032521-102529"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13110960"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","volume-title":"National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data","author":"NCHS","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S189544"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-6-33"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001682"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","article-title":"EASL\u2010EASD\u2010EASO clinical practice guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)","author":"European Association for the Study of the Liver","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000670"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agac013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.859947"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124293"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15593"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2022.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2133\/dmpk.DMPK-10-RV-087"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.9821"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2014.00048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2023.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-023-07987-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2022.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.06.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2018.11.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2019.1583366"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1828"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2020.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10091877"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","article-title":"Types of physical activity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and all\u2010cause and cardiovascular mortality","volume":"12","author":"Kim D","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jgh.16726","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T22:46:37Z","timestamp":1744238797000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jgh.16726"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jgh.16726"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgh.16726","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0815-9319","1440-1746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0815-9319","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1746","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}