{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:30:08Z","timestamp":1792290608494,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the type and prevalence of small\u2010bowel lesions in patients with liver cirrhosis have been reported, the clinical significance of their endoscopic features is unclear. We aimed to clarify their association with small\u2010bowel bleeding in liver cirrhosis patients with suspected small\u2010bowel bleeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively included 165 patients with liver cirrhosis (96 men; median age, 73\u2009years) who underwent capsule endoscopy at our institution: 32 without portal hypertensive enteropathy (Grade 0), 101 with inflammatory\u2010like abnormalities (Grade 1), and 32 with vascular lesions (Grade 2). The main outcome measures were the rates of small\u2010bowel bleeding at the initial bleeding episode and rebleeding. Factors associated with Grade 2 portal hypertensive enteropathy were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the time of initial bleeding, 66% of patients with Grade 2 portal hypertensive enteropathy had small\u2010bowel bleeding, compared with only 3% of those with Grades 0 or 1 portal hypertensive enteropathy. Furthermore, the cumulative rebleeding rate from small\u2010bowel lesions 1\u2009year after the initial bleeding was 33% in patients with Grade 2, compared to 0% in those with Grades 0 and 1. Colorectal angioectasia, Child\u2013Pugh Grade C cirrhosis, and a history of blood transfusion were independent predictors of small\u2010bowel vascular lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that patients with colorectal angioectasia, Child\u2013Pugh Grade C cirrhosis, or a history of blood transfusion have a high risk of small\u2010bowel bleeding and should, therefore, be examined via capsule endoscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.17002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T13:21:37Z","timestamp":1747660897000},"page":"1736-1744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical Significance of Small\u2010Bowel Mucosal Changes in Liver Cirrhosis Patients With Suspected Small\u2010Bowel Bleeding: A Capsule Endoscopy Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Yuka","family":"Matsubara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4154-658X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akiyoshi","family":"Tsuboi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuya","family":"Shigenobu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Issei","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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