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Mortality is not increased in EoE but is in gastric and small intestinal EGIDs. A subtle increase in eosinophils has also been observed in other GI diseases including functional dyspepsia in the duodenum. Targeted drug therapy can markedly reduce eosinophil infiltration, although symptom response is more variable, suggesting that non\u2013eosinophil pathways play a role in pathogenesis. Current standard therapies for EoE supported by randomized trials include proton pump inhibitors, corticosteroids (topical), diet restriction, and dupilumab, inhibiting IL\u20104\/IL\u201013 signaling. In non\u2010EoE EGIDs where little randomized trial data exist, management is based on a combination of dietary elimination and corticosteroids or immunomodulators; mast cell stabilizers and antihistamine therapy may have a role. The role of combination therapies is unclear. 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