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Acyl\u2010CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) is a key cholesterol\u2010metabolizing acyltransferase that catalyzes the esterification of free cholesterol into cholesteryl esters. It is highly expressed predominantly in macrophages and participates in the regulation of macrophage functions. Nevertheless, its role and underlying mechanism in alcoholic liver injury remain largely unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We observed that co\u2010stimulation with ethanol and LPS up\u2010regulated ACAT1 expression, triggered inflammatory responses in macrophages, and aggravated liver function impairment, lipid deposition, and ROS accumulation in mice, thereby contributing to the progression of ALD. Mechanistically, ACAT1 upregulation induces mitochondrial damage and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACAT1 is a positive regulatory factor in the inflammatory response of macrophages. It exacerbates ALD by inducing mitochondrial damage and activating NLRP3, providing a theoretical basis for the mechanism by which ACAT1 promotes ALD progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.70611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T06:25:29Z","timestamp":1785479129000},"page":"2938-2952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Macrophage ACAT1 Aggravates Alcohol\u2010Associated Liver Disease by Inducing Mitochondrial Damage and NLRP3 Activation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2766-9895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Urumqi Xinjiang 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