{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T07:44:45Z","timestamp":1791791085077,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Gastro and Hepatol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of multispecies probiotics in patients with constipation during pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This Phase 2, randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial was conducted across 10 hospitals in China. One hundred and twenty\u2010two pregnant females with constipation were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either multispecies probiotics or placebo for 8\u2009weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients who achieved a mean CSBM frequency of \u2265\u20093 per week across the entire 8\u2010week treatment period, together with an increase of \u2265\u20091 CSBM per week from the baseline weekly average.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall response rate did not differ significantly between probiotics (22.78%) and placebo groups (20.51%) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.779). Weekly response rates showed different temporal patterns between groups (P for interaction\u2009=\u20090.024); however, this did not result in a significant between\u2010group difference at Week 8. In post hoc exploratory subgroup analyses, for patients with baseline SBM &lt;\u20093\/week, baseline straining score \u2264\u20092, baseline stool consistency score \u2264\u20092 (Type 1 or 2), and gestational weeks &gt;\u200920\u2009weeks, the weekly response rate in probiotics increased faster during the treatment period. The probiotic treatment was well tolerated, with no serious adverse events observed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multispecies probiotics were safe and well tolerated during pregnancy but did not significantly improve the prespecified primary endpoint within an 8\u2010week treatment period. Post hoc subgroup analyses suggested potentially heterogeneous response trajectories according to baseline bowel frequency, straining severity, stool consistency, and gestational age; however, these findings should be interpreted with caution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.70746","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T06:46:29Z","timestamp":1791787589000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Heterogeneous Response Patterns to Multispecies Probiotics in Patients With Constipation During Pregnancy: An Exploratory Analysis of a Phase 2 Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5637-6777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Zhiyue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of 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College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Zhengping","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liu","family":"Guocheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Guangdong Women and Children Hospital  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai","family":"Qinghua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital  Nanchang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2569-6003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Hongbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics 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