{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T08:18:42Z","timestamp":1785831522936,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,15]],"date-time":"2013-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n To estimate infection prevalence and explore associated risk factors in nursing home (\n NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) residents, individuals receiving home health care (\n HHC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), and individuals receiving hospice care.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Cross\u2010sectional.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting<\/jats:title>\n \n Nationally representative samples of 1,174 U.S.\n NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n s in the 2004\n N<\/jats:styled-content>\n ational\n N<\/jats:styled-content>\n ursing\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n ome\n S<\/jats:styled-content>\n urvey (\n NNHS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and 1,036 U.S.\n HHC<\/jats:styled-content>\n and hospice agencies in the 2007\n N<\/jats:styled-content>\n ational\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n ome and\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n ospice\n C<\/jats:styled-content>\n are\n S<\/jats:styled-content>\n urvey (\n NHHCS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Participants<\/jats:title>\n \n A nationally representative sample of 12,270\n NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n residents, 4,394 individuals receiving\n HHC<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and 4,410 individuals receiving hospice care.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Measurements<\/jats:title>\n \n International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification<\/jats:italic>\n , codes were used to identify the presence of infection, including community\u2010acquired infection and those acquired during earlier healthcare exposures.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Unweighted response rates were 78% for the 2004\n NHHS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and 67% for the 2007\n NHHCS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Approximately 12% of\n NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n residents and 12% of individuals receiving\n HHC<\/jats:styled-content>\n had an infection at the time of the survey interview, and more than 10% of individuals receiving hospice care had an infection when discharged from hospice care. The most common infections were urinary tract infection (3.0\u20135.2%), pneumonia (2.2\u20134.4%), and cellulitis (1.6\u20132.0%). Short length of care and recent inpatient stay in a healthcare facility were associated with infections in all three populations. Taking 10 or more medications and urinary catheter exposure were significant in two of these three long\u2010term care populations.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Infection prevalence in\n HHC<\/jats:styled-content>\n , hospice, and\n NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n populations is similar. Although these infections may be community acquired or acquired during earlier healthcare exposures, these findings fill an important gap in understanding the national infection burden and may help inform future research on infection epidemiology and prevention strategies in long\u2010term care populations.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,16]],"date-time":"2013-03-16T00:22:20Z","timestamp":1363393340000},"page":"341-349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Infections in Long\u2010Term Care Populations in the\n U<\/scp>\n nited\n S<\/scp>\n tates"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Lisa L.","family":"Dwyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren D.","family":"Harris\u2010Kojetin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto H.","family":"Valverde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce M.","family":"Frazier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan E.","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Health Statistics Hyattsville Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nimalie D.","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola D.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53205.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/501712"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(85)90083-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1986.00360220141024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502532"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2009.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2007.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park\u2010LeeEY DeckerFH.Comparison of Home and Hospice Care Agencies by Organizational Characteristics and Services Provided: United States 2007. 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