{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T01:51:11Z","timestamp":1778550671995,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,8]],"date-time":"2014-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["24390156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24390156"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Health and Welfare Division"},{"name":"Kurabuchi Branch Office"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To examine the association between glycemic levels (glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      )) and hearing impairment in a general older population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community\u2010based prospective longitudinal cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Kurabuchi\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      own,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      unma\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      refecture,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      apan.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Residents (N\u00a0=\u00a0831; 350 men, 481 women) aged 65 and older were examined in 2005 and 2006 and analyzed in a cross\u2010sectional study. Residents without hearing impairment at baseline who participated in audiometric re\u2010examinations 4\u00a0years later were analyzed (n\u00a0=\u00a0338).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Hearing impairment was defined as failure to hear a 30\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      signal at 1\u00a0kHz and a 40\u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">dB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      signal at 4\u00a0kHz in the better ear in pure\u2010tone audiometric tests.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      level (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ational\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      lycohemoglobin\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      tandardization\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      rogram) was 5.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.8% (40\u00a0mmol\/mol). Odds ratios (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) and 95% confidence intervals (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) of hearing impairment associated with HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      were estimated using a logistic regression model. In the cross\u2010sectional analysis, HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      levels were positively associated with hearing impairment (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      per 1.0% increase in HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01.30, 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01.00\u22121.68). This association persisted even after excluding 58 participants with a self\u2010reported history of diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Longitudinal analysis revealed the temporality of the discussed association (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01.52, 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01.03\u22122.23).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study provides supportive evidence for a causal link between hyperglycemia and age\u2010related hearing loss.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.12906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,8]],"date-time":"2014-07-08T18:00:18Z","timestamp":1404842418000},"page":"1231-1237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Glycosylated Hemoglobin Level Is Associated with Hearing Impairment in Older Japanese: The Kurabuchi Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Takehiro","family":"Michikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology Section Center for Environmental Health Sciences National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba Japan"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Head and Neck Surgery School of Medicine Keio University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kunio","family":"Mizutari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery School of Medicine Keio University Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery School of Medicine Keio University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Takebayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Head and Neck Surgery School of Medicine Keio University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Nishiwaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Medicine Toho University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"Result of the Population Estimates in 2012. 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