{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:49:53Z","timestamp":1763599793777,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,17]],"date-time":"2015-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Health Care Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01HS018462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HS018462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To estimate the effect of influenza vaccination on hospitalization and mortality in nursing home (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) residents.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Medicare claims data linked to\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      Minimum Data Set assessments and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) surveillance data from 122 U.S. cities.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      More than 1 million Medicare fee\u2010for\u2010service, long\u2010stay\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      residents between 2000 and 2009.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Weekly facility outcome aggregates of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      resident pneumonia and influenza (P&amp;I) hospitalizations and all\u2010cause mortality and city\u2010level P&amp;I mortality as reported by the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CDC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      were created. The seasonal vaccine match rate for influenza A\/H1N1, A\/H3N2, and B strains was calculated, and each outcome was compared in seasons of high and low match rates using facility fixed\u2010effects regression models separately for full\u2010year and nonsummer months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Average weekly all\u2010cause mortality varied across seasons from 3.74 to 4.13 per 1,000\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      residents per week, and hospitalization for P&amp;I varied from 2.05 to 2.43. Vaccine match rates were invariably high for H1N1 but variable across seasons for the other two types. The association between vaccine match and reduction in overall mortality and P&amp;I hospitalizations was strongest for A\/H3N2, the influenza strain typically responsible for the most\u2010severe influenza cases. Given the approximately 130,000 deaths and 77,000 P&amp;I hospitalizations of long\u2010stay\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      residents during the 32 nonsummer weeks, the model estimated that a 50\u2010percentage\u2010point increase in the A\/H3N2 match rate (from &lt;25% to &gt;75%) reduced long\u2010stay\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      resident deaths by 2.0% and P&amp;I hospitalizations by 4.2%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Well\u2010matched influenza vaccine prevents P&amp;I hospitalizations and mortality in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      residents.\n                  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