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The Memory Impairment Screen (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) was administered to each participant annually. Subjects who failed this initial screen were tested with secondary screening tests. Medical history and medication use were determined, and the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      8 dementia screening instrument was used.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The effect of self\u2010reported sleep apnea on dementia risk depended on\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APOE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <jats:italic>\u025b<\/jats:italic>\n                      4 status. When the allele was absent, baseline self\u2010reported sleep apnea was associated with a 66% higher risk of developing dementia (95% confidence interval = 2\u2013170%), whereas self\u2010reported sleep apnea conferred no additional risk for participants with an\n                      <jats:italic>\u025b<\/jats:italic>\n                      4 allele.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sleep apnea may increase risk of dementia in the absence of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APOE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      <jats:italic>\u025b<\/jats:italic>\n                      4. This may help inform prevention strategies for dementia or\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in older men with sleep apnea.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Registration:\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PREADV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      i\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov:\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      00040378.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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