{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T19:31:32Z","timestamp":1785785492441,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Change in cognitive functioning is often observed after hip fracture. Different patterns, with both improvement and decline, are expected, depending on premorbid cognitive functioning and events that occur during hospitalization. These patterns are unknown and important for older hip fracture patients with different levels of premorbid cognitive functioning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, Participants, Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a secondary analysis of a multi\u2010center randomized controlled trial. 302 consecutive patients aged 65\u2013102 years old, admitted for hip fracture surgery, were enrolled. The Mini Mental State Examination (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) was obtained at hospital admission, at discharge, and at 3 and 12 months after discharge. Cognitive trajectories were identified with Group Based Trajectory Modelling, using the repeated\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      measurements as outcome variable. To illustrate the specific characteristics of this relative novel methodological approach, it was contrasted with results obtained from linear mixed effects modeling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      146 (48.3%) patients had premorbid cognitive impairment and 85 patients (28.1%) experienced delirium during admission. Three distinct cognitive trajectories were identified and labeled based on different\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      course over time: improvement (57.9%), stable (28.1%), and rapid decline (13.9%), with an annual\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      change of 1.7, 0.8, and \u22123.5 points respectively. With mixed effects modeling an overall annual increase of 0.7\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      points was estimated for the group as a whole.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three distinct cognitive trajectories were identified in a population of older hip fracture patients. These trajectory groups can be used as a starting point to inform patients and caregivers on the possible prognosis after hip fracture. Group based trajectory modelling is a useful technique when the purpose is to describe patterns of change within a population and a variety of trajectories are expected to exist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T11:37:29Z","timestamp":1486035449000},"page":"1034-1042","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Distinct Cognitive Trajectories in the First Year After Hip Fracture"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Sara J. E.","family":"Beishuizen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Geriatrics Section Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara C.","family":"van Munster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Gelre Hospitals Apeldoorn The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University Center of Geriatric Medicine University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarieke","family":"de Jonghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Tergooi Hospitals Hilversum The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ameen","family":"Abu\u2010Hanna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Informatics Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca M.","family":"Buurman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Geriatrics Section Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia E.","family":"de Rooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Geriatrics Section Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University Center of Geriatric Medicine University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(95)00381-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-013-2375-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623184"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-003-1515-z","article-title":"Functional outcome and quality of life following hip fracture in elderly women: A prospective controlled study","volume":"15","author":"Boonen S","year":"2004","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"Cd005563","article-title":"Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised patients","author":"Siddiqi N","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2389.2003.51315.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000140804"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000322591"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"575","article-title":"Delirium in older medical inpatients and subsequent cognitive and functional status: A prospective study","volume":"165","author":"McCusker J","year":"2001","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-12-201206190-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2012.3203"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200105000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2010.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1112923"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052321"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2012.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610211000871"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131413"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.140495"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","article-title":"The effects of melatonin versus placebo on delirium in hip fracture patients: Study protocol of a randomised, placebo\u2010controlled, double blind trial","author":"Jonghe A","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1992.tb02107.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610204000390"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM V)","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/rtnp.17.1.31.53169"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.13.2.229"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1577"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610209991001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000323568"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124106292364"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674041318"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure","volume":"6","author":"Holm S","year":"1979","journal-title":"Scand J Stat"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i03"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"Team RDC","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610213000574"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000140611"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610215000770"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01376517-200604000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JNN.0b013e31820b5fb6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1478951509990502"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50210.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1301372"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31803130ae"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjgs.14754","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jgs.14754","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T19:55:39Z","timestamp":1762199739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jgs.14754"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jgs.14754"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.14754","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-8614","1532-5415"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-8614","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-5415","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]}}}