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The prevalence of this syndrome is increasing, and the prognosis is not improving, unlike that of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    with reduced ejection fraction (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    r\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ). Individuals with\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    p\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    have severe symptoms of effort intolerance, poor quality of life, frequent hospitalizations, and greater likelihood of death. Despite the importance of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    p\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , there are numerous major gaps in our understanding of its pathophysiology and management. Although it was originally viewed as a disorder due solely to abnormalities in left ventricular diastolic function, our understanding has evolved such that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    p\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    is now understood as a systemic syndrome involving multiple organ systems, and it is likely that it is triggered by inflammation and other as\u2010yet\u2010unidentified circulating factors, with important contributions of aging and multiple comorbidities, features generally typical of other geriatric syndromes. We present an update on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, and future directions in this disorder in older persons.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]],"date-time":"2017-11-10T01:25:16Z","timestamp":1510277116000},"page":"2431-2440","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Evolution of a Geriatric Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Treatment of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Bharathi","family":"Upadhya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Medicine Section Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Wake Forest University Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Pisani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Medicine Section Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine Wake 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