{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T22:28:33Z","timestamp":1790548113118,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,20]],"date-time":"2017-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RG\/08\/013\/25942"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG\/08\/013\/25942"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G1002391"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G1002391"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the associations between objective and subjective measures of oral health and incident physical frailty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional and longitudinal study with 3 years of follow\u2010up using data from the British Regional Heart Study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>General practices in 24 British towns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Community\u2010dwelling men aged 71 to 92 (N = 1,622).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Objective assessments of oral health included tooth count and periodontal disease. Self\u2010reported oral health measures included overall self\u2010rated oral health; dry mouth symptoms; sensitivity to hot, cold, and sweet; and perceived difficulty eating. Frailty was defined using the Fried phenotype as having 3 or more of weight loss, grip strength, exhaustion, slow walking speed, and low physical activity. Incident frailty was assessed after 3 years of follow\u2010up in 2014.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three hundred three (19%) men were frail at baseline (aged 71\u201392). Having fewer than 21 teeth, complete tooth loss, fair to poor self\u2010rated oral health, difficulty eating, dry mouth, and more oral health problems were associated with greater likelihood of being frail. Of 1,284 men followed for 3 years, 107 (10%) became frail. The risk of incident frailty was higher in participants who were edentulous (odds ratio (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) = 1.90, 95% confidence interval (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) = 1.03\u20133.52); had 3 or more dry mouth symptoms (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      = 2.03, 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      = 1.18\u20133.48); and had 1 (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      = 2.34, 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      = 1.18\u20134.64), 2 (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      = 2.30, 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      = 1.09\u20134.84), or 3 or more (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      = 2.72, 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      = 1.11\u20136.64) oral health problems after adjustment for age, smoking, social class, history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus, and medications related to dry mouth.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The presence of oral health problems was associated with greater risks of being frail and developing frailty in older age. The identification and management of poor oral health in older people could be important in preventing frailty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,20]],"date-time":"2017-12-20T04:26:53Z","timestamp":1513744013000},"page":"473-479","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Influence of Poor Oral Health on Physical Frailty: A Population\u2010Based Cohort Study of Older British Men"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Sheena E.","family":"Ramsay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Society Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Population Health Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College of London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efstathios","family":"Papachristou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Population Health Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College of London London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Institute of Education University College of London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard G.","family":"Watt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College of London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Tsakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College of London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy T.","family":"Lennon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Population Health Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College of London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Olia","family":"Papacosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Population Health Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care University College of London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Moynihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Society Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Oral Health Research and School of Dental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avan A.","family":"Sayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Centre National Institute for Health Research Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Whincup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Research Institute St George's University of London London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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