{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:04:01Z","timestamp":1790276641045,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009776","name":"McMaster University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009776","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the feasibility of conducting a large clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics to reduce influenza and other respiratory virus infections in residents of long\u2010term and chronic care facilities (LTCFs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled pilot trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fourteen nursing homes in Hamilton and surrounding region, Ontario, Canada.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nursing home residents aged 65 and older (N=209). Those who were taking immunosuppressives (steroids or other immunosuppressives) or had a hematological malignancy, structural heart disease, or gastroesophageal or intestinal injury and others at high risk of an endovascular infection were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants were randomized to receive study probiotics\u20142 capsules of\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG<\/jats:italic>\n                      (estimated 10 billion colony forming units of\n                      <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus GG<\/jats:italic>\n                      per capsule) or placebo (calcium carbonate) daily for 6 months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Laboratory\u2010confirmed respiratory viral infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred ninety\u2010six individuals were included in the analysis: 100 in the probiotics group and 96 in the placebo group. Laboratory\u2010confirmed respiratory viral infections were observed in 14 (15.0%) residents in the probiotic group and 21 (22.9%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio=0.65, 95% confidence interval=0.32\u20131.31).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A larger trial is warranted to determine whether probiotics reduce influenza and other respiratory virus infections in residents of LTCFs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T13:35:05Z","timestamp":1525872905000},"page":"1346-1352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Probiotics to Prevent Respiratory Infections in Nursing Homes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled 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