{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:24:03Z","timestamp":1791257043986,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]],"date-time":"2019-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004917","name":"Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RP160674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP160674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010DA039192"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010DA039192"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the rates and predictors of long\u2010term opioid therapy in older cancer survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>SETTING<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Texas, United States.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PARTICIPANTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer survivors (5 years or more postcancer diagnosis) diagnosed from 1995 to 2008 and who were also Medicare Parts A, B, and D beneficiaries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MEASUREMENTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used Medicare Part D event data to calculate the proportion of cancer survivors with a prolonged opioid prescription (90\u2010day or more supply of opioids\/year). Adjusted odds ratios were calculated to identify predictors of prolonged opioid prescribing. All analyses were repeated with a subcohort of opioid\u2010na\u00efve cancer survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rate of prolonged opioid therapy for cancer patients diagnosed in 2008 was 7.1% prior to cancer diagnosis; it rose to 9.8% within a year of cancer treatments, and to 13.3% at 5 years postdiagnosis. The rate at the sixth year varied by cancer sites: 19.4% in lung cancer and 9.6% in prostate cancer. Among opioid\u2010na\u00efve survivors, the rate increased from 1.4% to 7.1%, from 5 to 18 years postcancer diagnosis. Cancer survivors diagnosed in 2004 to 2008 had higher rates of opioid prescribing compared to those diagnosed in 1995 to 1998 and 1999 to 2003. Years since diagnosis, a later year of diagnosis, female sex, urban location, lung cancer diagnosis, disability as reason for Medicare entitlement, Medicaid eligibility, one or more comorbidity, and history of depression or drug abuse were predictors of prolonged opioid therapy. Among opioid\u2010na\u00efve cancer survivors, diagnosis in 2004 to 2008 was the strongest predictor, while a history of drug abuse was the strongest predictor for all the survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rates of prolonged opioid prescribing for older cancer survivors remained high at 5 or more years after cancer diagnosis. Our findings have potential to inform the development of clinical guidelines and public policy to ensure safer and more effective pain treatment in older cancer survivors. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:945\u2013952, 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]],"date-time":"2019-04-26T23:49:54Z","timestamp":1556322594000},"page":"945-952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Long\u2010Term Opioid Therapy in Older Cancer Survivors: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6187-4690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin\u2010Na","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1927-0927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong\u2010Fang","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas"},{"name":"Sealy Center on Aging University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Sciences University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukaila A.","family":"Raji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas"},{"name":"Sealy Center on Aging University of Texas Medical Branch  Galveston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70040-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2015.12.340"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2015.12.336"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0b013e31818f5aa7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.8-6-567"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.52.4629"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25761"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2049463714542605"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21453"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.10817.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000292"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","article-title":"A review of potential adverse effects of long\u2010term opioid therapy: a practitioner's guide","volume":"14","author":"Baldini A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prim Care Companion CNS Disord"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2559"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03318.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Identifying and assessing the risk of opioid abuse in patients with cancer: an integrative review","volume":"7","author":"Carmichael A\u2010N","year":"2016","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Rehabil"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002463"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Cancer survivors\u2010\u2010United States, 2007","volume":"60","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0133"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30839"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.74.1363"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","unstructured":"Comparative Effectiveness Research on Cancer in Texas (CERCIT) (online).http:\/\/www.txcercit.org\/cores.asp. Accessed September 21 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4376"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(00)00256-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","unstructured":"Understanding the Epidemic.Opioid Overdose 2018. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (online).https:\/\/wwwcdcgov\/drugoverdose\/epidemic\/indexhtml. Accessed December 29 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1406143"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4335-8"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Predictors of transitioning to incident chronic opioid therapy among working\u2010age adults in the United States","volume":"11","author":"Thornton JD","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am Health Drug Benefits"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002133"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15332"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2011.01211.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70251-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6501e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S139715"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjgs.15945","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jgs.15945","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jgs.15945","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jgs.15945","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T12:39:19Z","timestamp":1762173559000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jgs.15945"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jgs.15945"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.15945","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-8614","1532-5415"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-8614","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-5415","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-10-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}