{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T12:49:16Z","timestamp":1762174156988,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data describing antibiotic use in U.S. nursing homes remain limited. We report antibiotic use among skilled nursing facility residents from 29 U.S. nursing homes and assessed correlations between antibiotics prescribed to residents in skilled care and nursing home characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>SETTING<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010nine U.S. nursing homes in the same healthcare corporation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PARTICIPANTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Residents receiving skilled care in 2016.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MEASUREMENTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used pharmacy invoice and nursing home census data to calculate the days of antibiotic therapy per 1,000\u2009days of skilled care (1,000 DOSC), the rate of antibiotic starts per 1,000 DOSC, the length of antibiotic therapy, and the average antibiotic spectrum index. We also assessed correlations between antibiotic use and nursing home characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antibiotics accounted for an average of 9.6% (\u00b10.6%) of systemic medications prescribed among residents receiving skilled care. On average, 26.8% (\u00b12.9%) of antibiotics were intravenous. Fluoroquinolones were prescribed at the highest rates (19% across all facilities), followed by beta\u2010lactam\/beta\u2010lactamase inhibitors (11%), first\u2010 and second\u2010generation cephalosporins, sulfonamides, and oral tetracyclines (each at 9%). Both the proportion of residents using enrolled in Medicare and number of unique prescribers responsible for systemic prescriptions positively correlated with the rate of antibiotic starts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study demonstrates that pharmacy invoices represent a useful and preexisting source of data for assessing antibiotic prescriptions among individuals receiving skilled nursing care. The correlation between the number of unique prescribers and antibiotic starts suggests that prescribers are central to efforts to improve antibiotic use in nursing homes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T23:51:32Z","timestamp":1602287492000},"page":"399-406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Antibiotic Use Among Residents Receiving Skilled Nursing Care in 29 U.S. Nursing Homes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Sunah","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Computer and Data Sciences Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brigid M.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases &amp; HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) at the VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taissa","family":"Bej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) at the VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Gravenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown University Alpert Medical School and School of Public Health Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"},{"name":"Providence VA Medical Center  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca R.","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking Ohio State University College of Medicine  Columbus Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Marek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CommuniCare Health Services  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5601-8996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robin L. P.","family":"Jump","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases &amp; HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) at the VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/501798"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"Threat report2013antimicrobial resistance | CDC.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugresistance\/threat-report-2013\/index.html. 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