{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T15:25:55Z","timestamp":1785252355962,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR001420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR001420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG059416"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG059416"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AG021332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AG021332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AG024827"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AG024827"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), the gold\u2010standard method to quantify cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), is not always feasible due to cost, access, and burden. The usual\u2010paced 400\u2009m long distance corridor walk (LDCW), a measure of mobility among older adults, may provide an alternate method to assess CRF. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate an estimating equation to estimate VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      peak from average 400\u2009m walking speed (WS) among participants in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At baseline, women (58%) and men age 70\u2009years and older enrolled in SOMMA (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009820, 76.2\u2009\u00b1\u20094.9\u2009years, 86% Non\u2010Hispanic White) completed a 400\u2009m LDCW (400\u2009m WS\u2009=\u2009400\u2009m\/completion time in seconds) and symptom\u2010limited maximal CPET (Modified Balke Protocol). VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      peak (mL\/kg\/min) was considered the highest 30\u2010second average oxygen consumption during CPET. Other covariates included: age, sex, race, physical activity (7\u2010day wrist\u2010worn accelerometer), physical function (Short Physical Performance Battery, range 0\u201312), perceived physical fatigability (Pittsburgh Fatigability Scale, range 0\u201350), and Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE, range 6\u201320) at completion of the 400\u2009m LDCW. Stepwise linear regression was used. Internal validation was completed using data\u2010splitting method (70%; 30%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      peak was 20.2\u2009\u00b1\u20094.8\u2009mL\/kg\/min and mean 400\u2009m WS was 1.06\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2\u2009m\/s. Each 0.05\u2009m\/s increment in 400\u2009m WS was associated with a 0.40\u2009mL\/kg\/min higher VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      peak after covariate adjustment. An estimating equation including 400\u2009m WS, age, sex, race, and RPE was developed. Internal validation showed low overall bias (\u22120.26) and strong correlation (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.71) between predicted and measured VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      peak values. Bland\u2013Altman plot and regression analyses indicated predicted VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      peak was an acceptable alternative, despite mean underestimation of 4.53\u2009mL\/kg\/min among the highly fit.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Usual\u2010paced 400\u2009m LDCW strongly correlates with direct measures of CRF during CPET in older adults with lower fitness and can be used to test both fitness and function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T04:59:59Z","timestamp":1703653199000},"page":"858-865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["<scp>Usual\u2010paced<\/scp>\n                    400\u2009m long distance corridor walk estimates cardiorespiratory fitness among older adults: The Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Reagan E.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4938-9478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peggy M.","family":"Cawthon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Francisco Coordinating Center California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara J.","family":"Nicklas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bret H.","family":"Goodpaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes AdventHealth  Orlando Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Coen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes AdventHealth  Orlando Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Forman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Divisions of Cardiology and Geriatrics) University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and Geriatrics, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC)  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 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