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Here, we examined the impact of hearing, vision, and olfaction disability on mental health outcomes in older US adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied respondents from the first three rounds (2005\/6, 2010\/11, and 2015\/16) of the National Social Life, Health and Aging Project, a nationally representative, longitudinal study of older US adults. Sensory function was assessed by structured interviewer ratings (hearing and vision) and objective assessment (olfaction). Cox proportional hazards models and one degree of freedom tests for trend were utilized to analyze the relationships between sensory disability and self\u2010rated mental health, frequent depressive symptoms, frequent perceived stress, frequent anxiety symptoms, and frequent loneliness symptoms over time, adjusting for demographics, health behaviors, comorbidities, and cognitive function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We analyzed data from 3940 respondents over 10\u2009years of follow\u2010up. A greater number of sensory disabilities was associated with greater hazard of low self\u2010rated mental health, frequent depressive symptoms, frequent perceived stress, and frequent loneliness symptoms over time (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.003, all). After adjusting for covariates, older adults with a greater number of sensory disabilities had greater hazard of low self\u2010rated mental health (HR\u2009=\u20091.22, CI\u2009=\u2009[1.08, 1.38],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002) and loneliness symptoms (HR\u2009=\u20091.13, CI\u2009=\u2009[1.05, 1.22],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003) over time in our tests for trend. In our Cox proportional hazards model, older adults with vision disability had greater hazard of low self\u2010rated mental health (HR\u2009=\u20091.34, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009[1.05, 1.72],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02) and loneliness symptoms (HR\u2009=\u20091.21, CI\u2009=\u2009[1.04, 1.41],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Older US adults with greater numbers of sensory disabilities face worse subsequent mental health. Future longitudinal studies dissecting the relationship of all five classical senses will be helpful in further understanding how improving sensory function might improve mental health in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.19056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]],"date-time":"2024-06-30T00:49:46Z","timestamp":1719708586000},"page":"2770-2781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Types of sensory disability are differentially associated with mental health in older\n                    <scp>US<\/scp>\n                    adults over time"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4198-4793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander Z.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Medicine The University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristen E.","family":"Wroblewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences The University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Hawkley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NORC at University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayant M.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery The University of Chicago Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"Mental health of older adults.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/mental-health-of-older-adults"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13955"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2020.01452"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"KolataG.These doctors admit they Don't want patients with disabilities.The New York Times.2022.https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/10\/19\/health\/doctors-patients-disabilities.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606\u2010015\u20103233\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/leader\u20102022\u2010000623"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0212"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.2010.0009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"CaplanZ RabeM.The older population.2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"Disability Language Guide|Disability.2019.https:\/\/disability.stanford.edu\/news\/disability-language-guide"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjv088"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.07.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00083"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjaa075"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.4470"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbn013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","unstructured":"WaiteLJ LaumannEO LevinsonWS LindauST O'MuircheartaighCA.National Social Life health and aging project (NSHAP): round 1 [United States] 2005\u20132006. 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