{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:43:57Z","timestamp":1791567837231,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24AG073527"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24AG073527"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG056368"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG056368"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sleep aids are commonly prescribed to treat sleep disturbance, a modifiable risk factor for postoperative delirium in older patients. The use of melatonin receptor agonists in the postoperative period has been increasing. The comparative safety of melatonin receptor agonists, zolpidem, and temazepam remains uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 22,083 patients \u226565\u2009years old who initiated melatonin receptor agonists, zolpidem, or temazepam after major surgery in the Premier Healthcare Database 2009\u20132018. We performed propensity score\u2010based overlap weighting and estimated the risk ratio (RR) and risk difference (RD) of postoperative delirium as the primary outcome and a composite of delirium or new antipsychotic initiation, pneumonia, and in\u2010hospital mortality as secondary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean age of the study population was 78 (SD, 7) years and 50% were female. There was no significant difference in the risk of postoperative delirium among patients treated with melatonin receptor agonists (3.4%, reference group), zolpidem (2.9%; RR [95% CI], 0.9 [0.7\u20131.2]; RD [95% CI] per 100 persons, \u22120.3 [\u22121.1 to 0.6]), and temazepam (3.1%; 0.9 [0.7\u20131.1]; RD [95% CI] per 100 persons, \u22120.5 [\u22121.2 to 0.3]). The risks of delirium or new antipsychotic initiation, pneumonia, and in\u2010hospital mortality were also similar among all groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Melatonin receptor agonists were not associated with a lower risk of postoperative delirium and other adverse outcomes compared with zolpidem and temazepam in older adults after major surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.19067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]],"date-time":"2024-07-09T07:39:19Z","timestamp":1720510759000},"page":"3484-3491","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Postoperative use of sleep aids and delirium in older adults after major surgery: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Su Been","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1880-048X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chan Mi","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raisa","family":"Levin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2013.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000538"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc8131"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.6857"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1605501"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18580"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2011.03591.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12788\/jhm.3408"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08971900211017857"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11175138"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep\/32.3.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079907X178874"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-51"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","unstructured":"Premier Healthcare Database White Paper.Data that Informs and Performs. 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