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This study examined the association between life\u2010space mobility measured with motion sensors and weekly vs. annually reported loneliness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants were older adults who lived alone. Passive infrared motion sensors were placed in the bathroom, bedroom, kitchen, and living room. Time spent in each room and out\u2010of\u2010home across the day was derived and used as the measure of life\u2010space mobility. Participants reported via weekly questionnaires whether they felt lonely. In annual visits, the UCLA loneliness scale was administered to a subsample (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200971), and the scores were categorized into high, moderate, and low groups. We used generalized estimating equations (GEE) to correlate life\u2010space mobility with weekly and yearly loneliness. Repeated observations from each individual were bootstrapped for 1000 rounds to associate annual and weekly loneliness measures.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We analyzed 4995\u2009weeks of data from 139 participants (age\u2009=\u200978.1\u2009\u00b1\u20098.6, 74% female, 23% African Americans, 14% with MCI diagnosis). An additional hour in the bedroom in the afternoon was associated with a 21.4% increased odds (OR\u2009=\u20091.214,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.049) of experiencing loneliness in the week. An additional hour out\u2010of\u2010home in the morning and in the afternoon was associated with 18.2% (OR\u2009=\u20090.818,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.040) and 15.3% (OR\u2009=\u20090.847,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.018) fewer odds of experiencing weekly loneliness. In the subsample with annual loneliness assessments, an additional hour out\u2010of\u2010home was associated with 38.1% (OR\u2009=\u20090.619,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006) fewer odds of being in the high UCLA loneliness group. Compared with the low UCLA group, those with high UCLA scores were five times more likely to report loneliness weekly (OR\u2009=\u20095.260,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0004).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Frequent and objective measurements of mobility combined with self\u2010reported social wellbeing information can offer new insights into the experience of loneliness and provide opportunities for timely interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.19331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T10:21:24Z","timestamp":1735640484000},"page":"1125-1134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Life\u2010Space Mobility Is Related to Loneliness Among Living\u2010Alone Older Adults: Longitudinal Analysis With Motion Sensor Data"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4201-5270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kexin","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"},{"name":"NIA\u2010Layton Aging &amp; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Oregon Center for Aging &amp; Technology (ORCATECH)  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao\u2010Yi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIA\u2010Layton Aging &amp; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Oregon Center for Aging &amp; Technology (ORCATECH)  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa L.","family":"Barnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush University Medical Center  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Rush Medical College  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center Rush University Medical Center  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Silbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIA\u2010Layton Aging &amp; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Oregon Center for Aging &amp; Technology (ORCATECH)  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Portland Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Beattie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIA\u2010Layton Aging &amp; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Oregon Center for Aging &amp; Technology (ORCATECH)  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raina","family":"Croff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIA\u2010Layton Aging &amp; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Oregon Center for Aging &amp; Technology (ORCATECH)  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyndsey","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIA\u2010Layton Aging &amp; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Oregon Center for Aging &amp; Technology (ORCATECH)  Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroko H.","family":"Dodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIA\u2010Layton Aging &amp; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Oregon Center for Aging &amp; Technology (ORCATECH)  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Kaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIA\u2010Layton Aging &amp; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Oregon Health &amp; Science University  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Oregon Center for Aging &amp; Technology (ORCATECH)  Portland Oregon USA"},{"name":"Portland Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Portland Oregon 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