{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:44:43Z","timestamp":1792122283361,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T35AG026736"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T35AG026736"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J American Geriatrics Society"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the associations between limited English proficiency and glaucoma outcomes, access to eye care, and health literacy in a national database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study included participants in the NIH All of Us Research Program with available health records and responses to surveys about language. Main Outcome Measures included glaucoma prevalence, severity, and surgical history as well as access to eye care and health literacy measures. Logistic regression analyses of associations between self\u2010reported English proficiency and outcomes, adjusting for other demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, were conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 79,635 individuals in the study population, 1268 (1.6%) had low English proficiency (LEP) and 3296 (4.1%) had a glaucoma diagnosis. Compared to those with high English proficiency (HEP), individuals with glaucoma with LEP had a higher likelihood of incisional glaucoma surgery (aOR\u2009=\u20094.79, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.03\u201322.22). Those with LEP were more likely to understand health information only \u201csome or none of the time\u201d as opposed to \u201calways\u201d (aOR\u2009=\u20096.36, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.17\u201334.57) and experience problems learning about medical conditions \u201csometimes or occasionally\u201d as opposed to \u201cnever\u201d (aOR\u2009=\u20093.18, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.22\u20138.34). No statistically significant associations between LEP and glaucoma prevalence, severity, or eye care access were observed in adjusted analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among individuals with glaucoma, those with LEP had a higher likelihood of undergoing incisional glaucoma surgery. Although LEP does not cause increased surgery, this correlation suggests that the decision to operate and its acceptance by the patient are more likely in individuals with LEP. Future studies on improving health literacy may reduce this association.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.70789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:04:55Z","timestamp":1792119895000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Limited English Proficiency on Glaucoma Outcomes, Access to Eye Care, and Health Literacy in the\n                    <scp>NIH<\/scp>\n                    All of Us Database"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Santina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicki","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine \u2013 Tucson, University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan I.","family":"Puran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital for Sick Children and Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Banh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria L.","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0807-5176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne L.","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214\u2010109X(20)30489\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433\u2010024\u201002995\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2025.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2022.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2023.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"\u201cCommonly Asked Questions and Answers Regarding Limited English Proficient (LEP) Individuals \u201d(2020) 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