{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:46:13Z","timestamp":1782441973229,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,28]],"date-time":"2019-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Human Nutrition Diet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study aimed to assess the association of vitamin D and vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> with cognitive impairment in elderly people.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data were obtained from a cross\u2010sectional study that included individuals aged 80\u00a0years or older living in the urban and rural areas of the cities of Sider\u00f3polis and Treviso in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. In total, 165 elderly people were included in the analysis. The outcome of cognitive decline was assessed by the Mini\u2010Mental State Examination. Vitamin D and vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> levels were measured from blood samples. The socio\u2010demographic, anthropometric and health variables used in the analysis were collected from a questionnaire. Crude and adjusted analyses of the relationship between vitamins D and B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> and cognitive decline were performed using a Poisson regression model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of cognitive decline was 35.2%. In the adjusted model, individuals who had vitamin D levels &gt;19\u00a0ng\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> showed a lower prevalence of cognitive decline (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">prevalence ratio<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.59; 95% confidence interval\u00a0=\u00a00.39\u20130.87). Those participants who had vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> levels of \u2265496\u00a0pg\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> had a higher prevalence of cognitive decline (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">prevalence ratio<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.90; 95% confidence interval\u00a0=\u00a01.08\u20133.36).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study showed that individuals aged \u226580\u00a0years who had vitamin D levels of \u226418\u00a0ng\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> had a higher prevalence of cognitive decline even after adjustment for potential confounders. In addition, the study demonstrated that vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> levels of \u2265496\u00a0pg\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> in this population were also a risk factor for cognitive decline. A cross\u2010sectional analysis does not enable the inference of a cause\u2013effect relationship and additional studies are needed to understand these relationships.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T06:40:41Z","timestamp":1551422441000},"page":"518-524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Association of vitamin D and vitamin B<sub>12<\/sub> with cognitive impairment in elderly aged 80\u00a0years or older: a cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6124-2538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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