{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T17:06:48Z","timestamp":1773335208954,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Human Nutrition Diet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2023, food insecurity (FI) impacted households with children under 5 years old (&lt;\u20095\u2009y), where FI reached 37.5%. Establishing the link between feeding practices and FI in household surveys is essential to understanding children's dietary habits. However, this association has not yet been examined in Brazil using nationally representative data. This study aims to describe the prevalence of FI by sociodemographic variables and to estimate its association with feeding practices in Brazilian children &lt;\u20095\u2009y.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study analysed data from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI\u20102019), a household\u2010based population evaluating 14,558 children &lt;\u20095\u2009y. FI was assessed using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Feeding practices were defined using national and international indicators\/recommendations for each age group, using a structured questionnaire about food intake the day before the interview (&lt;\u20096 months: early introduction of complementary feeding; 6\u201323 months: minimum dietary diversity (MDD), egg and\/or flesh foods, and zero consumption of vegetables or fruits; 24\u201359 months: beans, vegetables, fruit, sweetened beverage and ultra\u2010processed food consumption). Logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between FI and feeding practices, with p\u2010values adjusted for multiple testing using the Benjamini\u2010Hochberg method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FI was not associated with the early introduction of complementary feeding. Children aged 6\u201323 months experiencing severe FI had a 60% lower chance of meeting MDD (OR\u2009=\u20090.40 [95% CI: 0.21; 0.77]) and were 2.48 times more likely to consume zero vegetables or fruit (OR\u2009=\u20092.48 [95% CI: 1.31;4.69]) compared to those in food\u2010secure households. Children aged 24\u201359 months living in severe FI had a 53% lower chance of consuming vegetables than their food\u2010secure counterparts (OR\u2009=\u20090.47 [95% CI: 0.30;0.73]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found socioeconomic disparities across FI levels, with poorer feeding practices in food\u2010insecure households, except among children under 6 months. Severe FI was associated to reduced fruit and vegetable intake and lower dietary diversity. Addressing FI requires policies that ensure food quantity and quality, prioritising low\u2010income and underserved families. Future research should explore structural determinants and assess targeted interventions to improve child nutrition in the context of FI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.70146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T14:56:12Z","timestamp":1761663372000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Household Food Insecurity and Feeding Practices in Brazilian Children &lt;\u20095 Years: Results From Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8390-8924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Vieira","family":"de Castro Mello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josu\u00e9 de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, University City \u2010 Ilha do Fund\u00e3o Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raquel Machado","family":"Schincaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Setor Leste Universit\u00e1rio Goi\u00e2nia Goi\u00e1s Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9852-7094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josu\u00e9 de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, University City \u2010 Ilha do Fund\u00e3o Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadya Helena","family":"Alves\u2010Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Campus Universit\u00e1rio do Guam\u00e1, Setor Sa\u00fade Bel\u00e9m Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Normando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josu\u00e9 de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, University City \u2010 Ilha do Fund\u00e3o Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dayana Rodrigues","family":"Farias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josu\u00e9 de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, University City \u2010 Ilha do Fund\u00e3o Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa Maria","family":"de Aquino Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition Josu\u00e9 de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, University City \u2010 Ilha do Fund\u00e3o Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas Rugani Ribeiro","family":"de Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8603-9077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilberto","family":"Kac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Institute of Nutrition Josu\u00e9 de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, University City \u2010 Ilha do Fund\u00e3o Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Rome Declaration on World Food Security","author":"FAO","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Methods for Estimating Comparable Prevalence Rates of Food Insecurity Experienced by Adults Throughout the World","author":"Cafiero C.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1590\/1415-52732014000200010","article-title":"Refinement of the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale: Recommendation for a 14\u2010Item EBIA","volume":"27","author":"Segall\u2010Corr\u00eaa A. 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