{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T12:05:07Z","timestamp":1790337907097,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PRGS\/1\/2025\/SKK06\/UPM\/01\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRGS\/1\/2025\/SKK06\/UPM\/01\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Human Nutrition Diet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Stunting, a chronic form of malnutrition characterised by impaired linear growth, remains a significant global public health concern. While supplementation programmes have shown potential to improve growth outcomes, long\u2010term implementation may be constrained by poor adherence, high costs and limited sustainability. Increasing reliance on ready\u2010to\u2010eat (RTE) and ready\u2010to\u2010cook (RTC) foods in low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries highlights the potential of nutrient\u2010dense food\u2010based approaches that align with existing dietary practices. This scoping review aimed to map and synthesise existing evidence on the development and evaluation of functional food products intended to support the prevention or management of stunting among children, with a focus on formulation strategies and nutritional characteristics. Using the Population\u2013Concept\u2013Context (PCC) framework, 22 studies were identified, encompassing various product categories, including complementary foods, bakery products and ready\u2010to\u2010use supplementary foods. Formulations primarily used cereal\u2010based staples combined with protein\u2010 and lipid\u2010rich ingredients, with selected products incorporating micronutrient fortification or bioactive ingredients. Differences in ingredient combinations, nutrient targets and processing approaches resulted in wide variation in nutrient composition, particularly in energy density, fat and selected micronutrients. Achieving the intended nutrient profile required careful ingredient selection and proportioning, along with appropriate processing. Evidence on the effects of these products on stunting outcomes remains limited. Overall, the findings highlight the need to consider ingredient composition, nutrient targets and processing together when developing nutrient\u2010dense RTE and RTC food products for young children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.70344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:52:55Z","timestamp":1790337175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Food\u2010Based Strategies for Stunting: A Scoping Review of Functional Ready\u2010to\u2010Eat and Ready\u2010to\u2010Cook Foods"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Lu Ying","family":"Khoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5373-0985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azrina","family":"Azlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia"},{"name":"Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Putra Infoport Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia"},{"name":"Research Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Non\u2010Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00562-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17091493"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-311050"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980023001805"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16132149"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13256"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13366"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980018003762"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.30083"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01389-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"Complementary Feeding Based on Local\u2010Food to Improve Mother Ability in Fulfillment Nutrition Stunted Children","volume":"80","author":"Hastuti A. P.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Malaysia"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/apb.2024.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11786361221113916"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13213454"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","first-page":"1555","article-title":"Clinical Nutrition: 7. Functional Foods\u2014More Than Just Nutrition","volume":"166","author":"Jones P. J.","year":"2002","journal-title":"CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.957516"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041118"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","volume-title":"Infant and Young Child Feeding: Model Chapter for Textbooks for Medical Students and Allied Health Professionals","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7199\/ped.oncall.2020.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980019003690"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22478"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060518757355"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1341963"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13093036"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980017000805"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15051184"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","volume-title":"Nutrition Profiles: Africa","author":"Global Nutrition Report","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nfs.2022.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43014-022-00128-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18697\/ajfand.100.20330"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","first-page":"276","article-title":"Comparative Nutritional Evaluation of Traditional Indian Snacks Incorporated With Partially Defatted Peanut Cake Flour and Fenugreek Leaves Powder Developed for Malnourished Children","volume":"12","author":"Dhanesh B. T.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ethno\u2010Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5958\/0976-5506.2019.00636.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12780"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.367"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8863776"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5581585"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1516"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfutfo.2024.07.006"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Nutrient Content and Physical Properties of Instant Baby Porridge Substituted With Freshwater Clams Flour (Pilsbryoconcha exilis)","volume":"4","author":"Afifah F. L. F.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/cdn.116.000315"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12037"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.940"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.2675"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.2125"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4803839"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13752"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/leg3.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2984728"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.66.S380"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17217931"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10070827"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2019.5780"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2016.00041"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","volume-title":"Guidelines on Formulated Complementary Foods for Older Infants and Young Children (CAC\/GL 8\u20101991, Amended 2017)","author":"Codex Alimentarius Commission","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980022001483"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16050737"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","volume-title":"Guidelines on Formulated Supplementary Foods for Older Infants and Young Children","author":"Codex Alimentarius Commission","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.9.2962S"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03670244.1994.9991416"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","volume-title":"Complementary Feeding of Young Children in Developing Countries: A Review of Current Scientific Knowledge","author":"World Health Organization and UNICEF","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","volume-title":"Guiding Principles for Complementary Feeding of the Breastfed Child","author":"Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_1","volume-title":"Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition","author":"WHO\/FAO\/UNU Expert Consultation","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482650302400102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_1","volume-title":"Decree Number 224\/Menkes\/SK\/II\/2007 Regarding Technical Specifications for Complementary Feeding","author":"Ministry of Health Indonesia","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.9.3011S"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_1","volume-title":"Nutritional Guidance for Complementary Food","author":"World Food Programme","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11051152"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2009.0666"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2023.106974"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods8120660"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2022.2136619"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02439-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_74_1","volume-title":"WHO Nutrient Profile Model for the Western Pacific Region: A Tool to Protect Children From Food Marketing","author":"World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_75_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Agriculture Commercial Item Description: Ready\u2010to\u2010Use Supplementary Food (RUSF)(U.S. Department of Agriculture 2013) https:\/\/www.ams.usda.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/CID%20Ready-To-Use%20Supplementary%20Foods%20%28RUSF%29.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.154922"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15143166"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2020.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20786190.2015.1078153"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2023.114"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_13_81_1","article-title":"Effectiveness of Ready\u2010to\u2010Use Therapeutic Food Among Children With Protein\u2010Calorie Malnutrition","volume":"14","author":"Bai G.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-019-0846-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2023.106632"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-017-0567-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192113878"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422416000238"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_87_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Main Nutritional Deficiencies","volume":"63","author":"Kiani A. K.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7010517"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091752"}],"container-title":["Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jhn.70344","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jhn.70344","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jhn.70344","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:53:02Z","timestamp":1790337182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jhn.70344"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"references-count":88,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jhn.70344"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jhn.70344","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0952-3871","1365-277X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0952-3871","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-277X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70344"}}