{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:50:58Z","timestamp":1791363058766,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Human Nutrition Diet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malnutrition among school\u2010age children and adolescents in Ghana is driven by poor diet quality and weakly regulated school food environments (SFEs). School\u2010based Food and Nutrition Education (SFNE) is a key strategy, but its effectiveness depends on coordinated capacity across sectors. This study assessed the enabling factors, and priority actions for institutionalising SFNE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The FAO SFNE capacity needs assessment tool was used, with a multi\u2010phase qualitative study design. Document review and stakeholder mapping were conducted, followed by a two\u2010day consultative workshop. Capacities were assessed across system levels and prioritised through ranking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ghana has supportive SNFE policies; however, implementation is fragmented, lacks unified legal framework, and constrained by inadequate data. Integration into curricula, teacher training, and SFEs is weak, with reliance on short\u2010term funding. Priority actions included strengthening coordination, developing standards; improving data systems, aligning curricula, enhancing SFEs, and sustainable financing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implication for School Health Policy, Practice, and Equity<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Institutionalising SFNE will ensure learners receive high\u2010quality equitable nutrition education and access to supportive school food environment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ghana is well\u2010positioned to institutionalise SFNE and may serve as a model for low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.70366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:05:18Z","timestamp":1791360318000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Strengthening School\u2010Based Food and Nutrition Education in Ghana: Gaps, Opportunities, and a Roadmap for Action"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5811-6837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jevaise","family":"Aballo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United Nations Children's Fund  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Porbilla","family":"Ofosu\u2010Apea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Nations Children's Fund  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Adu\u2010Asare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Health Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia Adzoa Mawunyo","family":"Timpo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Health Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hikmatu","family":"Abdulai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Health Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5644-6042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Alvarez","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Nutrition and Development, Programme Group United Nations Children's Fund  New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Nutrition Division Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3925-8423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annette","family":"Imohe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Nations Children's Fund  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Obbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Health Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gifty","family":"Ampah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Health Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Asante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Health Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mutala","family":"Abdulai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Health Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Quartey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Health Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa Oppong","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Education Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Banafo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Education Service  Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4873-9176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bright Yammaha","family":"Amoore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine School of Medicine UDS  Northern Region Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0230-5783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Mogre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Professions Education and Innovative Learning School of Medicine UDS  Northern Region Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980022000350"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cAdolescent Health \u201d published 2020 https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/adolescent-health#tab=tab_1."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuac089"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czae056"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","volume-title":"Stepping Up Effective School Health and Nutrition: A Partnership for Healthy Learners and Brighter Futures","author":"Scientific UNE, Cultural Organization, Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Global Partnership for Education, United Nations Children's Fund, World Food Programme","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/9789210025775"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/9789211594577"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","volume-title":"Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022","author":"Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) and ICF","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","volume-title":"Ghana Diet Quality Profile 2021","author":"Herforth A.","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03795721251348343"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191710522"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","volume-title":"School\u2010Based Food and Nutrition Education\u2014A White Paper on the Current State, Principles, Challenges and Recommendations for Low\u2010 and Middle\u2010Income Countries","author":"FAO","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(25)00033-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19200-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","volume-title":"State of School\u2010Based Food and Nutrition Education in 30\u2010Low\u2010 and Middle\u2010Income Countries. Survey report","author":"FAO","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-1561.2005.tb06657.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.12396"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","volume-title":"Capacity Needs Assessment Tool\u2014School\u2010Based Food and Nutrition Education","author":"FAO","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","volume-title":"National Nutrition Policy","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13412"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.739447"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.12577"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","volume-title":"School Meals and Food Systems: Rethinking the Consequences for Climate, Environment, Biodiversity, and Food Sovereignty","author":"Pastorino S.","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jhn.70366","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jhn.70366","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jhn.70366","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:05:22Z","timestamp":1791360322000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jhn.70366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jhn.70366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jhn.70366","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0952-3871","1365-277X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0952-3871","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-277X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-07","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70366"}}