{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T16:19:59Z","timestamp":1783354799943,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]],"date-time":"2015-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005421","name":"Guilan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["3910396406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3910396406"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005421","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Invest &amp; Clin Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of Iranian green tea mouthwash containing 1% tannin on dental plaque and chronic gingivitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this randomized, double\u2010blinded, parallel, controlled clinical trial, 40 volunteer dental students with a gingival index \u22651 were enrolled. At baseline, gingival, plaque, and bleeding indices were recorded and all the participants received dental polishing. Based on random allocation, 20 participants used the test and 20 used chlorhexidine mouthwash with no change in regular toothbrushing methods. The participants were asked to use 15\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mL<\/jats:styled-content> of the respective mouthwash for 1\u00a0min, twice a day for 28\u00a0days. All indices, as well as stain index, were recorded after 1 and 4\u00a0weeks post\u2010rinsing. Data were analyzed using repeated\u2010measures <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ANOVA<\/jats:styled-content> and Bonferroni tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant in\u2010group differences, but not between\u2010group differences, were observed in all indices after 1 and 4\u00a0weeks compared to baseline. The test mouthwash resulted in significantly less tooth staining than the control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 1% tannin green tea mouthwash could be a safe and feasible adjunct to mechanical plaque control. The tested green tea mouthwash could be considered a good alternative for chlorhexidine in contraindicating situations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]],"date-time":"2015-08-14T08:01:37Z","timestamp":1439539297000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Effects of green tea (<i>Camellia sinensis<\/i>) mouthwash containing 1% tannin on dental plaque and chronic gingivitis: a double\u2010blinded, randomized, controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Golpar","family":"Radafshar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Sciences Research Center Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rasht Iran"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahshid","family":"Ghotbizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Sciences Research Center Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farshid","family":"Saadat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rahst Iran"},{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Faculty of Medicine Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rahst Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nastaran","family":"Mirfarhadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Sciences Research Center Guilan University of Medical Sciences Rasht Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.290101.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.5-S.851"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2014.130696"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02358.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"734","volume-title":"Clinical periodontology and implant dentistry","author":"Addy M","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1987.tb00968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Mouthrinses in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease","volume":"1","author":"Baker K","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr Opin Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345910700121001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01883.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Side effects of chlorhexidine mouth washes","volume":"79","author":"Fl\u00f6tra L","year":"1971","journal-title":"Scand J Dent Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02397.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050141"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8546-5-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8490.89748"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aobpla\/plt054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124X.82258"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"5465","article-title":"Review of the therapeutic effects of Camellia sinensis (green tea) on oral and periodontal health","volume":"5","author":"Arab H","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Med. Plants Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(13)60133-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/48.4.487"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of Iranian green and black tea on streptococcus mutans: an in\u00a0vitro study","volume":"8","author":"Naderi NJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dent (Tehran)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JMPR10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-237X.111589"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2010.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"502","article-title":"The effect of green tea on prevention of mouth bacterial infection, halitosis, and plaque formation on teeth","volume":"5","author":"Moghbel A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Toxicology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"1182","article-title":"A study to assess the plaque inhibitory action of herbal\u2010based toothpaste: a double blind controlled clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"Radafshar G","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Med Plants Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356408993968"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1970.41.1.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Problems and proposals for recording gingivitis and plaque","volume":"25","author":"Ainamo J","year":"1975","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1968.0298"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"317","article-title":"Formulation and evaluation of green tea antibacterial mouthwash effect on the aerobic mouth bacterial load","volume":"9","author":"Moghbel AH","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jundishapur Sci Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17795\/jjnpp-3588"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01575.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Antimicrobial effect of Iranian green\u2010tea\u2010containing mouthrinse vs chlorhexidine 0.2%: an in\u00a0vivo study","volume":"12","author":"Ardakani MR","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oral Health Prev Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000348299"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2008-2231-20-39"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124X.131320"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124X.92578"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.114933"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124X.92567"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","first-page":"305","article-title":"Comparative study of 0.2% and 0.12% digluconate chlorhexidine mouth rinses on the level of dental staining and gingival indices","volume":"9","author":"Forouzanfar A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dent Res J (Isfahan)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.103.049734"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.69.2.334"}],"container-title":["Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjicd.12184","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjicd.12184","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jicd.12184","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T20:30:47Z","timestamp":1696278647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jicd.12184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jicd.12184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jicd.12184","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2041-1618","2041-1626"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2041-1618","type":"print"},{"value":"2041-1626","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,14]]},"article-number":"e12184"}}