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The m<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>A methyltransferase complex (MTC) and the microprocessor complex both undergo liquid\u2013liquid phase separation to form nuclear membraneless organelles. Although m<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>A methyltransferase has been shown to positively regulate miRNA biogenesis, a mechanism of reciprocal regulation between the MTC and the microprocessor complex has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the MTC and the microprocessor complex associate with each other through the METHYLTRANSFERASE B (MTB)\u2013SERRATE (SE) interacting module. Knockdown of <jats:italic>MTB<\/jats:italic> impaired miRNA biogenesis by diminishing microprocessor complex binding to primary miRNAs (pri\u2010miRNAs) and their respective <jats:italic>MIRNA<\/jats:italic> loci. Additionally, loss of SE function led to disruptions in transcriptome\u2010wide m<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>A modification. Further biochemical assays and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) assay indicated that SE enhances the liquid\u2013liquid phase separation and solubility of the MTC. Moreover, the MTC exhibited enhanced retention on chromatin and diminished binding to its RNA substrates in the <jats:italic>se<\/jats:italic> mutant background. Collectively, our results reveal the substantial regulatory interplay between RNA m<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>A modification and miRNA biogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.13770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T11:14:19Z","timestamp":1724930059000},"page":"2613-2631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["The METHYLTRANSFERASE B\u2013SERRATE interaction mediates the reciprocal regulation of microRNA biogenesis and RNA m<sup>6<\/sup>A modification"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development School of Life Science, South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 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