{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:13:05Z","timestamp":1787015585420,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32070265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32070265"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JIPB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In C\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    plants, photorespiration is an energy expensive pathway that competes with photosynthetic CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    assimilation and releases CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    into the atmosphere, potentially reducing C\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    plant productivity by 20%\u201350%. Consequently, reducing the flux through photorespiration has been recognized as a major way to improve C\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    crop photosynthetic carbon fixation and productivity. While current research efforts in engineering photorespiration are mainly based on the modification of chloroplast glycolate metabolic steps, only limited studies have explored optimizations in other photorespiratory metabolic steps. Here, we engineered an imGS bypass within the rice mitochondria to bypass the photorespiratory glycine toward glycine betaine, thereby, improving the photosynthetic carbon fixation in rice. The imGS transgenic rice plants exhibited significant accumulation of glycine betaine, reduced photorespiration, and elevated photosynthesis and photosynthate levels. Additionally, the introduction of imGS bypass into rice leads to an increase in the number of branches and grains per panicle which may be related to cytokinin and gibberellin signaling pathways. Taken together, these results suggest diverting mitochondrial glycine from photorespiration toward glycine betaine synthesis can effectively enhance carbon fixation and panicle architecture in rice, offering a promising strategy for developing functional mitochondrial photorespiratory bypasses with the potential to enhance plant productivity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.13874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T10:06:02Z","timestamp":1741687562000},"page":"979-992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Engineering of photorespiration\u2010dependent glycine betaine biosynthesis improves photosynthetic carbon fixation and panicle architecture in rice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1785-3398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benqi","family":"Mo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro\u2010Bioresources, College of Life Sciences South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5360-4022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xifeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro\u2010Bioresources, College of Life Sciences South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for 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