{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:20:23Z","timestamp":1790662823339,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":250,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JIPB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Since its discovery in 1922, vitamin E research has evolved from the search for a mysterious \u201creproductive factor\u201d to the exploration of a diverse family of bioactive molecules central to plant physiology and human health. This review traces a century of progress, highlighting advances in our understanding of vitamin E's chemical composition, antioxidant and non\u2010antioxidant functions, biosynthetic pathways, and intricate regulatory networks in plants. Recent breakthroughs, such as the discovery of the seed\u2010specific esterase, VTE7, revealed a direct phytol\u2010recycling route linking chlorophyll degradation to tocopherol synthesis. This discovery has opened new possibilities for metabolic engineering. To overcome the persistent bottlenecks of low natural abundance and costly extraction, we also examine two production strategies: chemical synthesis and biotechnological synthesis. While chemical routes remain dominant, they yield racemic mixtures with reduced bioactivity. Emerging synthetic biology approaches, including microbial platforms capable of producing natural vitamin E configurations from key precursors, such as farnesene, mark a new paradigm for green and efficient manufacturing. Looking ahead, future directions include the intelligent evolution of catalytic enzymes, elucidation of transmembrane precursor transport, and exploration of rare homologs such as tocomonoenols. Together, these innovations promise to redefine the molecular and industrial landscape of vitamin E research for the next century.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.70235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T05:12:51Z","timestamp":1774242771000},"page":"985-1012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A century of vitamin E research: The innovative journey from basic biology to synthetic bio\u2010manufacturing"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4526-4034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0944-3871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuqing","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0865-359X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuehe","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1855-228X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1821-6267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanzhong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0046-000X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7268-0995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China"},{"name":"National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Sanya 572024 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9372-2042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China"},{"name":"National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Sanya 572024 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.106.094771"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2018.1474169"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2010.07.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-11-52"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbic.200800242"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2113488119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey439"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3060437"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1993.711105x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2017.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7827(00)00006-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.63.215"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","unstructured":"Baldwin W.S. Willging S.M. andSiegel B.M.(1990). Patent and Trademark Office. Production of d\u2010alpha\u2010tocopherol from natural plant sources. U.S. Patent No. 4 977 282 Washington DC."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13007-020-00671-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138161211796957472"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1331.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933907001468"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02633249"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1093-195"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5650\/jos.ess17218"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:PLAN.0000004307.62398.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","first-page":"2188","article-title":"A tomato tocopherol\u2010binding protein sheds light on intracellular \u03b1\u2010tocopherol metabolism in plants","volume":"59","author":"Berm\u00fadez L.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant Cell Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(87)90016-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/120.3.233"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)34917-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-082018-124228"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2009.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2006.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2533\/chimia.2021.757"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btac020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.10.1145"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejlt.200300843"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1993.1074"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00411a035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.03.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2015.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt853"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2016.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(75)90283-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/301699"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-024-02278-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14958"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-024-00989-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.013656"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xplc.2023.100598"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.010421"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.015222"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/84.1.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jplph.2005.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-010-0261-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11103-024-01507-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.552969"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-4959(02)00150-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.015875"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201205886"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt339"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.56.1458.650"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224984"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erq030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01607575"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","first-page":"33741","article-title":"Food labeling: Revision of the nutrition and supplement facts labels. Final rule","volume":"81","author":"Food and Drug Administration, HHS","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fed. Regist."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02532102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/80.10.1496"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3250761"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2012.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf9912755"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(03)00509-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3320057"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2011.04.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-008-3257-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","unstructured":"Grand View Research. (2024). Animal feed vitamin E market size share & trends report 2024\u20132030. Grand View Research. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.grandviewresearch.com\/horizon\/statistics\/animal-feed-additives-market\/vitamins\/vitamin-e\/global"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2004.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-020-02689-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2019.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-015-9068-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2025.145439"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.105.037036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22358\/jafs\/65584\/2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2006.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(97)00499-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000094635"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.11.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","first-page":"4803","article-title":"\u03b1\u2010Tocomonoenol is bioavailable in mice and may partly be regulated by the function of the hepatic \u03b1\u2011Tocopherol transfer protein","volume":"25","author":"Ir\u00edas\u2010Mata A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Basel Switz"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2014.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","first-page":"653","article-title":"Chlorophyll breakdown by chlorophyllase: Isolation and functional expression of the Chlase1 gene from ethylene\u2010treated Citrus fruit and its regulation during development. Plant","volume":"20","author":"Jacob\u2010Wilk D.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","first-page":"1873","article-title":"Effects of palm oil tocotrienol\u2010rich fraction on biochemical and morphological alterations of liver in fenitrothion\u2010treated rats","volume":"27","author":"Jayusman P.A.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep40625"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-020-00324-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c01743"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acssynbio.1c00484"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.12224"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-200306000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(90)90556-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02522884"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2017.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.19380210173"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5650\/jos1956.14.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.1998.2510413.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00619"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2021.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-001-0744-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.07.099"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2008.03539.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jplph.2005.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.11-195743"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_109_1","unstructured":"Lechtken P. Hoercher U. andJessel B.1990. Preparation of d\u2010\u03b1\u2010tocopherol form natural intermediates. U.S. Patent No. 4 925 960. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Washington DC."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10111614"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_112_1","first-page":"124","article-title":"Determination and comparison of vitamin E content in different crops","volume":"27","author":"Li L.","year":"2011","journal-title":"China Agric. Bull."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26073380"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0127"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.16.00478"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ade2574"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-008-9672-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(79)80845-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.8b06138"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_120_1","first-page":"100","article-title":"Study on purification of natural vitamin E by molecular distillation","volume":"01","author":"Luan L.","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Chin. Cereals Oils"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-8446(01)00132-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-020-02424-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.105.039404"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(88)90195-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2024.150720"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5650\/jos1956.44.593"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.22.11.814.33627"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19769"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1996.tb04230.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2009.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox7010002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02535510"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S276355"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3880"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_136_1","unstructured":"Mordor Intelligence. (2024). Global feed vitamins market\u2014industry report 2024. Mordor Intelligence. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.mordorintelligence.com\/industry-reports\/global-feed-vitamins-market-industry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.39.451"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-3084(88)90110-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_139_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"100 years of vitamin E: From discovery to commercialization","volume":"45","author":"M\u00fcller M.\u2010A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2019.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2008.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0083-6729(07)76007-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15216540600871100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar030069m"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1246\/bcsj.59.497"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)76489-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760600935567"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M106984200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0295-141"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-011-4138-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijfs.14296"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2011.04219.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.01959"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.14856"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/phrs.1999.0553"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas2001.79E-SupplE316x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf405736j"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2017.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00215a036"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-025-03516-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000046748"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_164_1","first-page":"4640","article-title":"Enantioselective cleavage of cyclobutanols through Ir\u2010catalyzed C\u2013C bond activation: Mechanistic and synthetic aspects","volume":"27","author":"Ratsch F.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chem. Weinh. Bergstr. Ger"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-010-0297-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2007.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2001-0037"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113357"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15216540410001724133"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.117929"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2006.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(91)80999-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.103.024257"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.010747"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/125.suppl_6.1792S"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.108.064089"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1351\/pac199668010131"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2010.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/217037"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18958-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2020.10.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5396.2098"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.114.247205"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/AN22270"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nu.08.070188.002031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90652-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_187_1","first-page":"548","article-title":"Isolated vitamin E deficiency in the absence of fat malabsorption\u2010\u2010familial and sporadic cases: Characterization and investigation of causes","volume":"111","author":"Sokol R.J.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erx356"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.16.00941"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1331.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.19930760429"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez072"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02784397"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)85329-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2020.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c00294"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00091a020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/1565"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200900481"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00239a065"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_201_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Appropriate spectrum vitamin E and new perspectives on desmethyl tocopherols and tocotrienols","volume":"8","author":"Tan B.","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Nutr. Ass."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.120.3.695"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-014-3962-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2025.02.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_205_1","first-page":"12051","article-title":"Total synthesis of (R,R,R)\u2010\u03b1\u2010tocopherol through asymmetric Cu\u2010catalyzed 1,4\u2010addition","volume":"20","author":"Termath A.O.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chem. Weinh. Bergstr. Ger"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/115.12.1673"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_207_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-007-0564-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_208_1","first-page":"174","article-title":"The past and present of vitamin E","volume":"1","author":"Tian M.A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Synth. Biol. J"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.5520100205"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093819"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_212_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/40.4.747"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/44.6.914"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_214_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/48.3.605"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_215_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2010.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/aab-53-564-2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.26.15362"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.122395"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.13252"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_220_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(82)90150-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_221_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1254976"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.105.037077"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2007-00292"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_224_1","first-page":"2846","article-title":"Remobilization of phytol from chlorophyll degradation is essential for tocopherol synthesis and growth of Arabidopsis","volume":"27","author":"Vom Dorp K.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_225_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00181a003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_226_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200705521"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_227_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c06749"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_228_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2016.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_229_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.13601"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_230_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/126.10.2539"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_231_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1439810"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_232_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2025.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_233_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c0sc00223b"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_234_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"Research status of extraction technology of natural vitamin E","volume":"41","author":"Wu W.","year":"2016","journal-title":"China Oil"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_235_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.synbio.2025.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_236_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bej.2026.110079"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_237_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.241024298"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_238_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np990230v"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_239_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0083-6729(07)76011-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_240_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c08813"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_241_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2010.04417.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_242_1","article-title":"Revolution of vitamin E production by starting from microbial fermented farnesene to isophytol","volume":"3","author":"Ye Z.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Innovation"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_243_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410410621"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_244_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.68.4.521"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_245_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/plef.2000.0169"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_246_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20090704"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_247_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcaa115"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_248_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.114.243709"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_249_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.25198"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_250_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-071714-034347"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_251_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.1986"}],"container-title":["Journal of Integrative Plant Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jipb.70235","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jipb.70235","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jipb.70235","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T08:29:01Z","timestamp":1776760141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jipb.70235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"references-count":250,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jipb.70235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jipb.70235","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1672-9072","1744-7909"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1672-9072","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-7909","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}