{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:22:38Z","timestamp":1791555758049,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JIPB"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ubiquitination is a common protein modification, mostly targeting protein substrates for degradation. As E3 ligases serve critical roles in substrate recognition, their biological functions are of special interest. Through a targeted reverse genetic screen, we discovered a novel E3, SNIPER8 (\n                    <jats:italic>snc1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010influencing plant E3 ligase reverse genetic, 8), that negatively regulates immunity in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of\n                    <jats:italic>SNIPER8<\/jats:italic>\n                    suppressed the phenotypes of the autoimmune mutant\n                    <jats:italic>snc1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which carries a gain\u2010of\u2010function mutation in a TIR\u2010type NLR (Toll\/Interleukin\u20101 Receptor\u2010like nucleotide\u2010binding leucine\u2010rich repeat receptor). Conversely, knocking out\n                    <jats:italic>sniper8<\/jats:italic>\n                    enhanced the dwarfism of\n                    <jats:italic>snc1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . SNIPER8 and its three paralogs function redundantly, and knocking out all four genes in wild\u2010type background yielded strong autoimmunity. To search for the substrates of SNIPER8, a suppressor screen with the\n                    <jats:italic>sniper8<\/jats:italic>\n                    quadruple mutant was carried out, which yielded many loss\u2010of\u2010function alleles of\n                    <jats:italic>SNC1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . As the transcriptional corepressor TPR1 (Topless\u2010related protein 1) was known to be required for SNC1\u2010mediated immunity, its relationship with SNIPER8 was examined. SNIPER8 was found to directly interact with TPR1 and negatively regulate its protein levels. In addition,\n                    <jats:italic>SNIPER8<\/jats:italic>\n                    overexpression can suppress TPR1\u2010mediated autoimmunity, whereas the autoimmunity of\n                    <jats:italic>sniper8<\/jats:italic>\n                    quadruple mutant fully depends on both the\n                    <jats:italic>SNC1<\/jats:italic>\n                    locus and three redundant\n                    <jats:italic>TPL\/TPR<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes. Taken together, SNIPER8 is a negative regulatory E3 ligase in plant immunity that promotes TPR1 turnover. This regulation is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune activation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.70341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T08:18:36Z","timestamp":1783325916000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["RING E3 ligase SNIPER8 functions redundantly with three close homologs to regulate the turnover of transcriptional co\u2010repressor TPR1"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7413-4947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xueru","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Kapos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6687-1675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongshou","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujun","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7183-6575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meixuezi","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asana","family":"Khajavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an 625014 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3480-5478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuelin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio\u2010Resource and Eco\u2010Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6354-2021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michael Smith Laboratories University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"},{"name":"Department of Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z4 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2795","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.17071","article-title":"SCF(SNIPER7) controls protein turnover of unfoldase CDC48A to promote plant immunity","volume":"229","author":"Ao K.","year":"2021","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.108.121038","article-title":"Global analysis of Arabidopsis gene expression uncovers a complex array of changes impacting pathogen response and cell cycle during geminivirus infection","volume":"148","author":"Ascencio\u2010Ibanez J.T.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2014.12.022","article-title":"Signaling mechanisms in pattern\u2010triggered immunity (PTI)","volume":"8","author":"Bigeard J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. 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