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In this review, we provide an integrated overview of RNA\u2010mediated regulatory mechanisms underlying fleshy fruit quality formation, focusing on five major layers, including RNA modification, organellar RNA editing, alternative splicing, long non\u2010coding RNAs, microRNAs, and their crosstalk. We summarize their molecular modes of action and discuss how these regulatory mechanisms shape diverse quality traits, including fruit morphology, pigmentation, flavor, texture remodeling, ripening progression, and postharvest performance. Furthermore, we highlight emerging strategies for harnessing RNA\u2010mediated regulation to improve and maintain fruit quality, including RNA\u2010centered multi\u2010omics integration, AI\u2010driven design of RNA regulatory elements, and precision of RNA\u2010level manipulation. We propose that deciphering and manipulating post\u2010transcriptional regulatory codes will provide a conceptual and technological framework for shifting fruit improvement from empirical selection toward rational RNA\u2010guided quality design, with broad implications for crop improvement, nutritional enhancement, and sustainable postharvest management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.70403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T12:49:47Z","timestamp":1790340587000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["RNA regulatory landscapes in fleshy fruits: From regulation mechanisms to quality design"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6874-6764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renkun","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3046-1177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guozheng","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0846-3491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liqun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1484-2212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongliang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41438-020-0331-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2003733117"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2405100121"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2024.113090"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41438-019-0204-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1527944","article-title":"Spray\u2010induced gene silencing for crop protection: Recent advances and emerging trends","volume":"16","author":"Chen C.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. 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