{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T03:30:28Z","timestamp":1791862228906,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,30]],"date-time":"2013-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J intellect Disabil Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Depression, anxiety, diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors are frequent health problems among older people with intellectual disability (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ID<\/jats:styled-content>). These conditions may be bidirectionally related. Depression and anxiety may have biological effects causing glucose intolerance, fat accumulation and also lifestyle changes causing metabolic syndrome. But also the effects of diabetes, metabolic syndrome and subsequent cardiovascular disease may affect mood and anxiety. This study investigated the association between depression, anxiety and diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in older people with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ID<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The healthy ageing in intellectual disability\u2010study (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ID<\/jats:styled-content> study) is a cross\u2010sectional study among people aged 50 years and over with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ID<\/jats:styled-content>, receiving formal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ID<\/jats:styled-content> care. Screening instruments for symptoms of anxiety and depression were completed and physical examination and vena\u2010puncture were performed to establish components of the metabolic syndrome, peripheral arterial disease and c\u2010reactive protein.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 990 people who participated, 17% had symptoms of depression and 16% had symptoms of anxiety. Type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content> diabetes was present in 1%, type <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> diabetes in 13% of the study population. Metabolic syndrome, central obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension were present in 45%, 48%, 23% and 53% respectively. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis a significant association was found between increased anxiety symptoms and diabetes only (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 2.4, 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.2\u20134.9).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased anxiety symptoms and diabetes are related in older people with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ID<\/jats:styled-content>. This association may be bidirectional. No other associations of depression and anxiety symptoms with cardiovascular risk factors could be proven to be significant. Therefore, more research is needed to unravel the mechanisms of stress, mood disorders and cardiovascular disease in older people with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ID<\/jats:styled-content>. To provide comprehensive care for older people with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ID<\/jats:styled-content>, screening for diabetes and components of the metabolic syndrome in people with anxiety or mood disorders, and screening for symptoms of anxiety or depression in people with diabetes is warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,30]],"date-time":"2013-04-30T06:22:44Z","timestamp":1367302964000},"page":"176-185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Associations of symptoms of anxiety and depression with diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in older people with intellectual disability"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"C. 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