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Ten persons with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DS<\/jats:styled-content> were assigned to an exercise group, who walked on a treadmill for 20\u2009min at moderate intensity and ten additional persons with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DS<\/jats:styled-content> were assigned to an attentional control group, who watched a video. Measures of executive function were tested pre and post interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results showed non\u2010significant improvements in choice\u2013response time (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.32) and attention shifting (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.13) but a statistically significant improvement in inhibition (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) after the exercise intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Given the improved inhibition ability, exercise may be an effective intervention, even in a signal session. However, only a few studies have focused on this topic. Based on theoretical models linking exercise to executive function, we proposed that exercise may increase arousal status or enhance neural transmission. Hence, future work is needed to examine the exact mechanism in the relationship between exercise and executive function for individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]],"date-time":"2014-08-29T11:09:28Z","timestamp":1409310568000},"page":"589-598","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["The association between a single bout of moderate physical activity and executive function in young adults with <scp>D<\/scp>own syndrome: a preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"C.\u2010C. (JJ)","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Human Physiology University of Iowa  Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. D. 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H.","family":"Kulinna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College Physical Education Arizona State University, Polytechnic campus  Mesa AZ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric L.","family":"Amazeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Arizona State University  Tempe AZ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2010.01271.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2007.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1986.62.3.891"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/20445471"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(02)00082-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2007.01019.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2012.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjaceaccp\/mkh050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2012.02.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen J.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410701591417"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(02)02143-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181b07e7a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2005.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318258bcd5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0147-9563(03)00120-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200110000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200636110-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/0895-8017(2004)109<175:AAPOOA>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8760(03)00080-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.01.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2010.01299.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0076767"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1995.81.3.739"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","unstructured":"JacolaL. 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