{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:24:20Z","timestamp":1792787060825,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]],"date-time":"2019-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Collaborative partnership. Erasmus+ Sport Programme","award":["ESFA Project 2016-3719\/001-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ESFA Project 2016-3719\/001-001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J intellect Disabil Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inactivity is a major factor contributing to adverse health in people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). While it is generally agreed that physical activity (PA)\/sport\u2010based interventions promote cognitive and social development in the general population, little is known about their specific benefits in adults with ID. The aims of this systematic review were (a) to examine the effects of PA\/sport\u2010based interventions on intention, motivation and attitude regarding PA\/sport participation in adults with ID and (b) to investigate the influence of these psychological factors on behavioural change (e.g. PA level) and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review has been conducted searching four electronic databases (i.e. SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane Library). Studies were included if written in English, peer reviewed, had primary research data, and measured intention, motivation, attitude, behavioural outcomes or quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirteen articles met our inclusion criteria of which 10 explored the effects of PA\/sport as part of a multi\u2010component intervention. Most investigated outcomes were exercise self\u2010efficacy and quality of life. Five studies measured exercise self\u2010efficacy, and four of them found significant changes. One study found a significant improvement in quality of life and another study in life satisfaction. We observed lack of sport\u2010based interventions, few data about people with severe ID and limited psychological measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Personal and environmental factors are key components of behavioural change. Support of caregivers and individualised instructions may benefit exercise self\u2010efficacy. There is lack of information about the effects of psychological factors on behavioural change and quality of life in adults with ID.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T01:55:07Z","timestamp":1576202107000},"page":"69-92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["The effects of physical activity or sport\u2010based interventions on psychological factors in adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"R. Z.","family":"Bond\u00e1r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BIND\u2010Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University  Chieti\u2010Pescara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6635-4114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"di Fronso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIND\u2010Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University  Chieti\u2010Pescara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Bortoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIND\u2010Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University  Chieti\u2010Pescara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3639-1539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Robazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIND\u2010Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University  Chieti\u2010Pescara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5778-8087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. S.","family":"Metsios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing University of Wolverhampton  Walsall UK"},{"name":"Health Exercise and Activity Therapy (HEAT) Institution  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0972-9178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Bertollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIND\u2010Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University  Chieti\u2010Pescara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Aerobic exercise training programmes for improving physical and psychosocial health in adults with Down syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Andriolo R. B.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory","author":"Bandura A.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/1944-7558-116.3.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2013.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2013-0014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2004.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/apaq.18.2.193"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/apaq.15.2.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2016.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20095"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-10-135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-761"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckm041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/apaq.25.3.189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114517001933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/0895-8017(2004)109<175:AAPOOA>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2010.01313.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2016.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13668250.2011.593163"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1744629509340815"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3179-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2010.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-015-0290-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-016-0681-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/ijtr.2018.25.1.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08856257.2016.1187876"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/apaq.19.1.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0088437"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJCT.S34419"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089011710602100103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0270-3092(84)80054-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0270-3092(85)90021-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200434100-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization(2015)Health Topics [Online]. Available at:http:\/\/www.euro.who.int\/en\/health\u2010topics\/noncommunicable\u2010diseases\/mental\u2010health\/news\/news\/2010\/15\/childrens\u2010right\u2010to\u2010family\u2010life\/definition\u2010intellectual\u2010disability(retrieved 15 September 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/apaq.3.2.177"}],"container-title":["Journal of Intellectual Disability Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjir.12699","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jir.12699","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/jir.12699","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jir.12699","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T13:56:14Z","timestamp":1694094974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jir.12699"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jir.12699"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jir.12699","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0964-2633","1365-2788"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0964-2633","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2788","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-04-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}