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Using Spearman correlations, performance on a verbal measure of cognition inhibition was significantly negatively related to receptive vocabulary (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u2212.529, adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.036) and verbal fluency (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u2212.608, adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.022). Attention was significantly positively correlated with receptive (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.698, adjusted\u2010<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.005) and expressive (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.542, adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.027) vocabulary. Verbal working memory was significantly positively associated with receptive vocabulary (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.585, adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.022) and verbal fluency (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.737, adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.003). Finally, visuospatial working memory was significantly associated with receptive vocabulary (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.562, adjusted <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.027).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Verbal and non\u2010verbal measures of executive functioning skills had important associations with language ability in young adults with DS. Future translational research is needed to investigate causal pathways underlying these relationships. Research should explore if interventions aimed at increasing executive functioning skills (e.g. attention, inhibition and working memory) have the potential to lead to increases in language for young adults with DS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T09:10:37Z","timestamp":1626858637000},"page":"151-161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Language and executive functioning in young adults with Down syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Kristensen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Waisman Center University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison  Madison WI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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